{"id":104078,"date":"2026-04-09T00:21:12","date_gmt":"2026-04-08T22:21:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=104078"},"modified":"2026-04-08T12:19:44","modified_gmt":"2026-04-08T10:19:44","slug":"nemecka-mesta-se-potykaji-s-rekordnim-dluhem-deficit-statniho-rozpoctu-prudce-roste-i-pres-rostouci-danove-prijmy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/04\/09\/nemecka-mesta-se-potykaji-s-rekordnim-dluhem-deficit-statniho-rozpoctu-prudce-roste-i-pres-rostouci-danove-prijmy\/","title":{"rendered":"N\u011bmeck\u00e1 m\u011bsta se pot\u00fdkaj\u00ed s rekordn\u00edm dluhem, deficit st\u00e1tn\u00edho rozpo\u010dtu prudce roste i p\u0159es rostouc\u00ed da\u0148ov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edjmy"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Rostouc\u00ed n\u00e1klady na soci\u00e1ln\u00ed zabezpe\u010den\u00ed a zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 zadlu\u017een\u00ed uvrh\u00e1vaj\u00ed N\u011bmecko do hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 krize<\/span><\/h3>\n

N\u011bmeck\u00e9 fisk\u00e1ln\u00ed probl\u00e9my se ji\u017e neomezuj\u00ed pouze na Berl\u00edn \u2013 nyn\u00ed jsou nejviditeln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ve m\u011bstech, kde m\u00edstn\u00ed samospr\u00e1vy zaznamenaly nejhor\u0161\u00ed deficit od znovusjednocen\u00ed zem\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

Podle \u00fatern\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>tiskov\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy DeStatis<\/span><\/a>\u00a0se finance obc\u00ed v roce 2025 prudce zhor\u0161ily, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e deficit vzrostl na 31,9 miliardy eur, oproti 24,8 miliardy eur v p\u0159edchoz\u00edm roce. Zat\u00edmco p\u0159\u00edjmy vzrostly na 391,4 miliardy eur, co\u017e p\u0159edstavuje n\u00e1r\u016fst o 4,1 procenta, v\u00fddaje rostly je\u0161t\u011b rychleji na 423,3 miliardy eur, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se rozd\u00edl mezi p\u0159\u00edjmy a v\u00fddaji prohloubil na bezprecedentn\u00ed \u00farove\u0148.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tuto z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e z velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti nesou velk\u00e1 n\u011bmeck\u00e1 m\u011bstsk\u00e1 centra, v\u010detn\u011b Berl\u00edna, Hamburku a Br\u00e9m, kde rostouc\u00ed z\u00e1vazky v oblasti soci\u00e1ln\u00edho zabezpe\u010den\u00ed, n\u00e1klady na zam\u011bstnance a soci\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fddaje vyv\u00edjej\u00ed trval\u00fd tlak na ji\u017e tak napjat\u00e9 rozpo\u010dty. M\u00edstn\u00ed \u00fa\u0159ady, kter\u00e9 jsou zodpov\u011bdn\u00e9 za poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed mnoha kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch slu\u017eeb, se st\u00e1le v\u00edce pot\u00fdkaj\u00ed s rostouc\u00ed popt\u00e1vkou \u2013 zejm\u00e9na v oblastech, jako je podpora bydlen\u00ed, p\u00e9\u010de o d\u011bti a soci\u00e1ln\u00ed pomoc.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tento rekordn\u00ed deficit na \u00farovni obc\u00ed odhaluje hlub\u0161\u00ed struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed probl\u00e9m v r\u00e1mci n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho feder\u00e1ln\u00edho syst\u00e9mu, kde probl\u00e9my jsou \u010dasto p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161eny z feder\u00e1ln\u00ed nebo zemsk\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b na m\u00edstn\u00ed samospr\u00e1vy, ani\u017e by byly poskytnuty dostate\u010dn\u00e9 finan\u010dn\u00ed prost\u0159edky na jejich \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Krize na m\u00edstn\u00ed \u00farovni se odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed v \u0161ir\u0161\u00edm ve\u0159ejn\u00e9m sektoru. Celkov\u00fd deficit ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch financ\u00ed N\u011bmecka dos\u00e1hl v roce 2025 127,3 miliardy eur, co\u017e p\u0159edstavuje n\u00e1r\u016fst o 22,9 miliardy eur, tedy p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b o 20 procent, ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s p\u0159edchoz\u00edm rokem. T\u00edm se zem\u011b vrac\u00ed na \u00farove\u0148 deficitu, kter\u00e1 byla naposledy zaznamen\u00e1na v roce 2022, kdy se zem\u011b zotavovala z pandemick\u00fdch let.<\/span><\/p>\n

Fisk\u00e1ln\u00ed paradox spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee feder\u00e1ln\u00ed vl\u00e1da ve skute\u010dnosti z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed da\u0148ov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edjmy, ale jednodu\u0161e utr\u00e1c\u00ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mnoho, aby dos\u00e1hla bodu zvratu. Vl\u00e1dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjmy vzrostly p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b na 2,08 bilionu eur, ale celkov\u00e9 v\u00fddaje \u010dinily 2,21 bilionu eur. Ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 v\u00fddaje se celkov\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161ily o 6 procent.<\/span><\/p>\n

Na feder\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00farovni se deficit v\u00fdrazn\u011b prohloubil na 85,4 miliardy eur. Feder\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fddaje se zv\u00fd\u0161ily na 658 miliard eur, co\u017e odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed v\u00fddaje na obranu, infrastrukturu a programy souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s klimatem. Jen vojensk\u00e9 zak\u00e1zky prudce vzrostly a dos\u00e1hly 39 miliard eur, co\u017e p\u0159edstavuje n\u00e1r\u016fst o v\u00edce ne\u017e 23 procent.<\/span><\/p>\n

Velk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st t\u00e9to expanze byla financov\u00e1na zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdmi zadlu\u017een\u00edmi, co\u017e n\u00e1sledn\u011b zvy\u0161uje dluh, bez z\u00e1ruky, \u017ee se feder\u00e1ln\u00ed vl\u00e1da dok\u00e1\u017ee sama utratit a dos\u00e1hnout prosperity.<\/span><\/p>\n

Navzdory t\u011bmto ojedin\u011bl\u00fdm zlep\u0161en\u00edm z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed trajektorie negativn\u00ed. Ekonomov\u00e9 varuj\u00ed, \u017ee sou\u010dasn\u00fd fisk\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdvoj odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed hlub\u0161\u00ed, dlouhodob\u00e9 tlaky na n\u011bmeck\u00fd st\u00e1t, v\u010detn\u011b rostouc\u00edch soci\u00e1ln\u00edch v\u00fddaj\u016f, demografick\u00fdch zm\u011bn a rostouc\u00edch \u00farokov\u00fdch n\u00e1klad\u016f. Skute\u010dnost, \u017ee se deficity prohlubuj\u00ed i \u200b\u200bv obdob\u00ed relativn\u011b siln\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f, nazna\u010duje, \u017ee probl\u00e9m nespo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v nedostate\u010dn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edjmech, ale ve struktu\u0159e a r\u016fstu v\u00fddaj\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00e1vrat k \u00farovni zadlu\u017een\u00ed z doby energetick\u00e9 krize bez ekvivalentn\u00edho extern\u00edho spou\u0161t\u011b\u010de zes\u00edlil obavy o fisk\u00e1ln\u00ed udr\u017eitelnost N\u011bmecka. V roce 2019, p\u0159ed pandemi\u00ed, zem\u011b vyk\u00e1zala rozpo\u010dtov\u00fd p\u0159ebytek ve v\u00fd\u0161i p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 50 miliard eur. B\u011bhem n\u011bkolika let se tato situace dramaticky obr\u00e1tila a deficity nyn\u00ed p\u0159esahuj\u00ed 127 miliard eur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Po d\u016fchodech a zdravotn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di jsou soci\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u00e1vky druhou nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed v\u00fddajovou polo\u017ekou feder\u00e1ln\u00ed vl\u00e1dy a mnoho program\u016f b\u011b\u017e\u00ed na rekordn\u00edch \u00farovn\u00edch.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imigranti tvo\u0159\u00ed ne\u00fam\u011brn\u011b velk\u00e9 procento t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed pob\u00edraj\u00ed soci\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u00e1vky. V listopadu 2024 statistiky Feder\u00e1ln\u00edho \u00fa\u0159adu pr\u00e1ce (BA)\u00a0<\/span>poskytnut\u00e9 den\u00edku Welt<\/span><\/a>\u00a0uk\u00e1zaly, \u017ee z v\u00edce ne\u017e 4 milion\u016f lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed mohou pracovat, ale pob\u00edraj\u00ed soci\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u00e1vky, m\u00e1 v\u00edce ne\u017e 2,5 milionu migra\u010dn\u00ed p\u016fvod, co\u017e p\u0159edstavuje 63,5 procenta. Tato skupina zahrnovala cizince a osoby se zahrani\u010dn\u00edm p\u016fvodem, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee jejich rodi\u010de se mohli narodit v zahrani\u010d\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Podobn\u011b\u00a0<\/span>byla t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 polovina z 17,68 miliardy eur na podporu bydlen\u00ed v N\u011bmecku za rok 2024 vyplacena cizinc\u016fm<\/span><\/a>\u00a0. Z celkov\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stky \u0161lo 8,15 miliardy eur lidem bez n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho ob\u010danstv\u00ed, p\u0159esto\u017ee tvo\u0159\u00ed jen asi 15 procent populace.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch 9,53 miliardy eur \u0161lo n\u011bmeck\u00fdm ob\u010dan\u016fm \u2013 to zahrnovalo osoby narozen\u00e9 v N\u011bmecku a osoby narozen\u00e9 jinde, kter\u00e9 z\u00edskaly ob\u010danstv\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

DeStatis na konci roku 2023 uvedl, \u017ee v N\u011bmecku \u017eije 972 000 Sy\u0159an\u016f, co\u017e je p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b ka\u017ed\u00fd 20. syrsk\u00fd ob\u010dan. Z nich\u00a0<\/span>513 534 pob\u00edralo n\u011bmeckou soci\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u00e1vku zn\u00e1mou jako ob\u010dansk\u00e9 pen\u00edze (Burgergeld)<\/span><\/a>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

V \u00fanoru bylo odhaleno, \u017ee\u00a0<\/span>v\u00edce ne\u017e 70 000 migrant\u016f, kter\u00fdm bylo \u0159e\u010deno, aby opustili zemi, nad\u00e1le pob\u00edr\u00e1 st\u00e1tn\u00ed soci\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u00e1vky<\/span><\/a> . Podle n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho centr\u00e1ln\u00edho registru cizinc\u016f muselo zemi opustit 235 485 osob, kter\u00e9 v\u0161ak z\u016fstaly v N\u011bmecku.<\/span><\/p>\n

Z tohoto po\u010dtu bylo 12 005 osob p\u0159edm\u011btem vykonateln\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edkaz\u016f k opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed zem\u011b, zat\u00edmco dal\u0161\u00edch 58 705 m\u011blo \u201etolerovan\u00fd status\u201c, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee byli ze z\u00e1kona povinni opustit zemi, ale m\u011bli poleh\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed okolnosti. V\u0161ichni st\u00e1le pob\u00edrali d\u00e1vky podle z\u00e1kona o d\u00e1vk\u00e1ch pro \u017eadatele o azyl.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00ed skupiny mezi t\u011bmi, kte\u0159\u00ed museli opustit zemi, byly z Turecka s 25 652 p\u0159\u00edpady, n\u00e1sledovan\u00e9 Ir\u00e1kem s 20 770, Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1nem s 12 888, Ruskem s 11 938 a S\u00fdri\u00ed s 10 718 p\u0159\u00edpady.<\/span><\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Rostouc\u00ed n\u00e1klady na soci\u00e1ln\u00ed zabezpe\u010den\u00ed a zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 zadlu\u017een\u00ed uvrh\u00e1vaj\u00ed N\u011bmecko do hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 krize N\u011bmeck\u00e9 fisk\u00e1ln\u00ed…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":104079,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[45,371,3932,84],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/104078"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=104078"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/104078\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/104079"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=104078"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=104078"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=104078"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}