{"id":104062,"date":"2026-04-09T00:12:51","date_gmt":"2026-04-08T22:12:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=104062"},"modified":"2026-04-08T12:33:11","modified_gmt":"2026-04-08T10:33:11","slug":"usa-a-eu-jednaji-o-dohode-o-vymene-biometrickych-udaju","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/04\/09\/usa-a-eu-jednaji-o-dohode-o-vymene-biometrickych-udaju\/","title":{"rendered":"USA a EU jednaj\u00ed o dohod\u011b o v\u00fdm\u011bn\u011b biometrick\u00fdch \u00fadaj\u016f"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n
\n
\n

Evropan, jeho\u017e otisky prst\u016f se omylem ocitnou v datab\u00e1zi americk\u00fdch org\u00e1n\u016f \u010dinn\u00fdch v trestn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, by to musel napravit prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm americk\u00fdch soud\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Washington chce prov\u011b\u0159it evropsk\u00e9 otisky prst\u016f v americk\u00fdch datab\u00e1z\u00edch a EU\u00a0<\/span>to zva\u017euje<\/span><\/a>\u00a0. Ministerstvo vnit\u0159n\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti (DHS) a Evropsk\u00e1 unie vedou form\u00e1ln\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>jedn\u00e1n\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0o dohod\u011b, kter\u00e1 by DHS poskytla p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup k biometrick\u00fdm datab\u00e1z\u00edm dr\u017een\u00fdm \u010dlensk\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty EU \u2013 \u00farove\u0148 p\u0159\u00edstupu, kterou Brusel dosud neud\u011blil \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 zemi mimo EU pro \u00fa\u010dely bezpe\u010dnosti hranic.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dohoda je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed programu Partnerstv\u00ed pro pos\u00edlenou bezpe\u010dnost hranic (EBSP) Ministerstva vnit\u0159n\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti USA (DHS), kter\u00fd v podstat\u011b vy\u017eaduje, aby zem\u011b zapojen\u00e9 do programu bezv\u00edzov\u00e9ho styku otev\u0159ely sv\u00e9 biometrick\u00e9 datab\u00e1ze; jinak riskuj\u00ed ztr\u00e1tu bezv\u00edzov\u00e9ho cestov\u00e1n\u00ed. Washington stanovil 31. prosince 2026 jako term\u00edn, do kter\u00e9ho mus\u00ed b\u00fdt dohody EBSP funk\u010dn\u00ed. Po tomto datu DHS p\u0159ezkoum\u00e1, zda ka\u017ed\u00e1 zem\u011b dodr\u017euje dohodu. Zem\u011b, kter\u00e9 nespln\u00ed o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, riskuj\u00ed pozastaven\u00ed \u00fa\u010dasti v programu bezv\u00edzov\u00e9ho styku (VWP), co\u017e by znamenalo obnoven\u00ed v\u00edzov\u00e9 \u200b\u200bpovinnosti pro jejich ob\u010dany.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pokud DHS naraz\u00ed na cestovatele, \u017eadatele o azyl, \u017eadatele o v\u00edzum nebo jakoukoli jinou osobu, kter\u00e1 b\u011bhem imigra\u010dn\u00edho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed vznese obavy, provede dotaz v datab\u00e1zi z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00e9 zem\u011b s pou\u017eit\u00edm biometrick\u00fdch charakteristik dan\u00e9 osoby.<\/span><\/p>\n

Shoda poskytuje DHS otisky prst\u016f a souvisej\u00edc\u00ed \u00fadaje o toto\u017enosti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pokud nedojde k \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 shod\u011b, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 data se nep\u0159en\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed. To zn\u00ed c\u00edlen\u011b, dokud nepomysl\u00edte na objem. Dvacet \u010dty\u0159i z dvaceti sedmi \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f EU se \u00fa\u010dastn\u00ed programu VWP. Ministerstvo vnit\u0159n\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti chce m\u00edt p\u0159\u00edstup ke v\u0161em.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tato jedn\u00e1n\u00ed jsou neobvykl\u00e1 kv\u016fli sv\u00e9 v\u00edcevrstv\u00e9 struktu\u0159e. V prosinci 2025 Rada EU schv\u00e1lila jedn\u00e1n\u00ed o celoevropsk\u00e9 r\u00e1mcov\u00e9 dohod\u011b, kter\u00e1 stanov\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed podm\u00ednky pro p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fadaj\u016f. Jednotliv\u00e9 \u010dlensk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty by pot\u00e9 uzav\u0159ely s DHS vlastn\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u011bc\u00ed dohody, v nich\u017e by specifikovaly, kter\u00fdch datab\u00e1z\u00ed se to t\u00fdk\u00e1 a jak\u00e9 provozn\u00ed podm\u00ednky se na n\u011b vztahuj\u00ed. R\u00e1mcov\u00e1 dohoda poskytuje pr\u00e1vn\u00ed z\u00e1klad. Dvoustrann\u00e9 dohody stanov\u00ed datov\u00fd kan\u00e1l.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rozsah diskutovan\u00fdch \u00fadaj\u016f dalece p\u0159esahuje otisky prst\u016f a pasov\u00e9 fotografie. N\u00e1vrhy dokument\u016f ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee evropsk\u00e9 zem\u011b by mohly b\u00fdt potenci\u00e1ln\u011b povinny p\u0159ed\u00e1vat americk\u00fdm hrani\u010dn\u00edm org\u00e1n\u016fm \u201ezvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed kategorie\u201c osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b politick\u00fdch n\u00e1zor\u016f, \u010dlenstv\u00ed v odborech a informac\u00ed o sexu\u00e1ln\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00e1vrh to umo\u017e\u0148uje, pokud jsou p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed \u201enezbytn\u011b nezbytn\u00e1 a p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e1\u201c \u2013 p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e DHS m\u00e1 volnost argumentovat, co p\u0159edstavuje \u201enezbytn\u011b nezbytn\u00e9\u201c. Evropsk\u00fd inspektor ochrany \u00fadaj\u016f to popsal jako prvn\u00ed dohodu EU, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje rozs\u00e1hlou v\u00fdm\u011bnu osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b biometrick\u00fdch \u00fadaj\u016f, se t\u0159et\u00ed zem\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Evrop\u0161t\u00ed vyjednava\u010di prosazuj\u00ed omezen\u00ed hromadn\u00e9ho sb\u011bru dat, skute\u010dn\u00fd lidsk\u00fd dohled v p\u0159\u00edpadech, kdy automatizovan\u00e1 rozhodnut\u00ed maj\u00ed negativn\u00ed d\u016fsledky, p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9 kontroly toho, co se s daty d\u011bje po jejich p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed ministerstvu vnit\u0159n\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti (DHS) (zejm\u00e9na pokud jsou p\u0159ed\u00e1na do t\u0159et\u00edch zem\u00ed), a n\u011bjakou formu pr\u00e1vn\u00ed n\u00e1pravy pro Evropany, jejich\u017e data jsou zneu\u017eita.<\/span><\/p>\n

EU rovn\u011b\u017e po\u017eaduje reciprocitu, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee evropsk\u00e9 org\u00e1ny by m\u011bly m\u00edt tak\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstup k americk\u00fdm datab\u00e1z\u00edm, a ne pouze jednostrann\u011b poskytovat data. Tento po\u017eadavek vypov\u00edd\u00e1 o mocensk\u00fdch dynamik\u00e1ch. Sou\u010dasn\u00fd n\u00e1vrh vy\u017eaduje, aby Evropa vkl\u00e1dala informace do syst\u00e9mu, kter\u00fd sama nem\u016f\u017ee prohled\u00e1vat.<\/span><\/p>\n

Slad\u011bn\u00ed evropsk\u00fdch po\u017eadavk\u016f se skute\u010dn\u00fdmi c\u00edli Ministerstva vnit\u0159n\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti (DHS) by se mohlo uk\u00e1zat jako prakticky nemo\u017en\u00e9. Nap\u011bt\u00ed prostupuje ka\u017ed\u00fdm kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm detailem. Jak dlouho m\u016f\u017ee DHS uchov\u00e1vat p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161en\u00e9 biometrick\u00e9 \u00fadaje? Vztahuje se dohoda na c\u00edlen\u00e9 hrani\u010dn\u00ed kontroly, nebo umo\u017e\u0148uje n\u011bco sp\u00ed\u0161e podobn\u00e9ho systematick\u00e9mu prov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed cel\u00fdch populac\u00ed? A jakou pr\u00e1vn\u00ed ochranu m\u016f\u017ee n\u011bmeck\u00fd nebo francouzsk\u00fd ob\u010dan realisticky o\u010dek\u00e1vat podle americk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va, pokud dojde ke zneu\u017eit\u00ed jeho \u00fadaj\u016f?<\/span><\/p>\n

Podle n\u00e1vrh\u016f dokument\u016f by \u010dlensk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty EU musely \u0159e\u0161it spory prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm n\u00e1rodn\u00edch a mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch soud\u016f, nikoli prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm spole\u010dn\u00e9ho dozor\u010d\u00edho org\u00e1nu. Pro Evropana, jeho\u017e otisky prst\u016f se omylem dostanou do datab\u00e1ze americk\u00fdch donucovac\u00edch org\u00e1n\u016f, vede cesta k oprav\u011b p\u0159es americk\u00e9 soudy \u2013 syst\u00e9m bez srovnateln\u00fdch pr\u00e1v pro dot\u010den\u00e9 osoby.<\/span><\/p>\n

Z\u00e1rove\u0148 ministerstvo vnit\u0159n\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti (DHS) roz\u0161i\u0159uje sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed kapacity v oblasti biometrick\u00e9ho dohledu. Americk\u00e1 celn\u00ed a hrani\u010dn\u00ed ochrana (CBP) podepsala smlouvu v hodnot\u011b 225 000 dolar\u016f se spole\u010dnost\u00ed Clearview AI na technologii rozpozn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed obli\u010dej\u016f a p\u0159\u00edstup k datab\u00e1zi v\u00edce ne\u017e 60 miliard ve\u0159ejn\u011b dostupn\u00fdch obr\u00e1zk\u016f shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00fdch z internetu.<\/span><\/p>\n

A biometrick\u00e9 \u00fadaje nejsou jedin\u00fdmi informacemi, na kter\u00e9 se DHS zam\u011b\u0159uje. V prosinci 2025 CBP navrhla vy\u017eadovat vzorky DNA od 42 zem\u00ed bezv\u00edzov\u00e9ho programu a zav\u00e9st p\u011btiletou historii soci\u00e1ln\u00edch m\u00e9di\u00ed jako povinn\u00fd po\u017eadavek pro vstup \u2013 spolu se v\u0161emi e-mailov\u00fdmi adresami z posledn\u00edch deseti let a telefonn\u00edmi \u010d\u00edsly pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdmi v posledn\u00edch p\u011bti letech.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\n

Zdroj<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Evropan, jeho\u017e otisky prst\u016f se omylem ocitnou v datab\u00e1zi americk\u00fdch org\u00e1n\u016f \u010dinn\u00fdch v trestn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed,…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":104063,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[10852,1620,41,37],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/104062"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=104062"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/104062\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/104063"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=104062"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=104062"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=104062"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}