{"id":103422,"date":"2026-04-01T00:15:26","date_gmt":"2026-03-31T22:15:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=103422"},"modified":"2026-03-31T12:47:42","modified_gmt":"2026-03-31T10:47:42","slug":"jsme-na-prahu-energetickych-uzaver","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/04\/01\/jsme-na-prahu-energetickych-uzaver\/","title":{"rendered":"Jsme na prahu energetick\u00fdch uz\u00e1v\u011br?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Energetick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edd\u011bly dokonale zapadaj\u00ed do klimatick\u00e9 politiky.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed energetick\u00e1 agentura (IEA), nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed energetick\u00e1 organizace v z\u00e1padn\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b, minul\u00fd t\u00fdden vyzvala k radik\u00e1ln\u00edm opat\u0159en\u00edm ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed spot\u0159eby energie, jeliko\u017e v\u00e1lka na Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u00fdchod\u011b by mohla v\u00e9st k jej\u00edmu v\u00fdrazn\u00e9mu nedostatku. To vyvolalo na soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 spekulace o energetick\u00fdch lockdownech. \u010cel\u00edme nov\u00e9 f\u00e1zi omezen\u00ed svobody, podobn\u00e9 t\u011bm b\u011bhem pandemie koronaviru?<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eKonflikt na Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u00fdchod\u011b vedl k nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edmu naru\u0161en\u00ed dod\u00e1vek ropy v historii glob\u00e1ln\u00edho trhu s ropou,\u201c uvedla IEA 20. b\u0159ezna v alarmuj\u00edc\u00ed zpr\u00e1v\u011b s n\u00e1zvem\u00a0<\/span>Ochrana p\u0159ed ropn\u00fdmi \u0161oky<\/span><\/em>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

IEA je \u201eautonomn\u00ed\u201c mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed organizace, srovnateln\u00e1 s instituc\u00ed, jako je Sv\u011btov\u00e1 zdravotnick\u00e1 organizace (WHO), kter\u00e1 hr\u00e1la kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli v oblasti zdravotn\u00ed politiky b\u011bhem pandemie COVID-19. Agentura se s\u00eddlem v Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei m\u00e1 32 \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b Nizozemska, a 13 partnersk\u00fdch zem\u00ed. Byla zalo\u017eena v roce 1974 v reakci na tehdej\u0161\u00ed ropnou krizi a koordinuje energetickou politiku mezi sv\u00fdmi \u010dlensk\u00fdmi zem\u011bmi, zejm\u00e9na pokud jde o strategick\u00e9 z\u00e1soby ropy, kter\u00e9 jsou v\u0161echny \u010dlensk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty povinny udr\u017eovat.<\/span><\/p>\n

Podle t\u00e9to v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 energetick\u00e9 autority je na spadnut\u00ed nov\u00e1 ropn\u00e1 krize \u2013 krize, kter\u00e1 bude podle \u0159editele Fatiha Birola \u201ehor\u0161\u00ed\u201c ne\u017e ropn\u00e9 krize z let 1973 a 1979 spolu s plynovou kriz\u00ed z roku 2022.<\/span><\/p>\n

IEA se t\u00edmto varov\u00e1n\u00edm nezastavila, ale p\u0159edstavila desetibodov\u00fd pl\u00e1n s opat\u0159en\u00edmi, kter\u00e1 mohou vl\u00e1dy zav\u00e9st \u201eokam\u017eit\u011b\u201c. Pat\u0159\u00ed mezi n\u011b n\u011bkolik opat\u0159en\u00ed siln\u011b p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00edch energetickou uz\u00e1v\u011bru:<\/span><\/p>\n

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  • Pracujte co nejv\u00edce z domova.<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Pokud je to mo\u017en\u00e9, vyhn\u011bte se cestov\u00e1n\u00ed letadlem.<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Omezte vjezd aut v ur\u010dit\u00fdch oblastech na z\u00e1klad\u011b \u010d\u00edsel registra\u010dn\u00edch zna\u010dek.<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Propagujte sd\u00edlen\u00ed aut.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Naposledy byla tak drastick\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159ijata b\u011bhem ropn\u00e9 krize v roce 1973, kdy evropsk\u00e9 zem\u011b zavedly ned\u011ble bez aut, aby omezily spot\u0159ebu paliva.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Nen\u00ed t\u0159eba velk\u00e9 fantazie, abychom doporu\u010den\u00ed IEA vn\u00edmali jako za\u010d\u00e1tek komplexn\u00ed energetick\u00e9 uz\u00e1v\u011bry. Od koronavirov\u00e9 krize nen\u00ed d\u016fvod se domn\u00edvat, \u017ee by se vl\u00e1dy takov\u00fdm omezen\u00edm svobody vyh\u00fdbaly.<\/span><\/p>\n

    K tomu v\u0161ak zat\u00edm nedo\u0161lo. Nizozemsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b nevid\u00ed d\u016fvod k podniknut\u00ed krok\u016f, uvedli v reakci na zpr\u00e1vu IEA minist\u0159i Aartsen (pr\u00e1ce), Karremans (infrastruktura) a Van Veldhoven (klima a zelen\u00fd r\u016fst).<\/span><\/p>\n

    Uvedli, \u017ee v Nizozemsku nen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd nedostatek. Nizozemsko v\u0161ak ze sv\u00fdch strategick\u00fdch rezerv uvolnilo 5,4 milionu barel\u016f ropy, co\u017e je p\u011btina celkov\u00fdch z\u00e1sob. Nizozemsko spot\u0159ebuje p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 800 000 barel\u016f ropn\u00fdch produkt\u016f denn\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Energetick\u00fd expert a emeritn\u00ed p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ej\u00edc\u00ed Martien Visser z Hanze University of Applied Sciences Groningen pova\u017euje za \u201epozoruhodn\u00e9, \u017ee Nizozemsko opat\u0159en\u00ed ignoruje\u201c. Popisuje to jako ur\u010ditou \u201elaxnost\u201c. \u201eCht\u011bj\u00ed se vyhnout skute\u010dn\u00e9mu propadu do krize.\u201c<\/span><\/p>\n

    Z\u00e1rove\u0148 zpochyb\u0148uje, jak z\u00e1vazn\u00e1 jsou opat\u0159en\u00ed navr\u017een\u00e1 IEA. \u201eNejsem si jist\u00fd, zda se jedn\u00e1 o form\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdzvu k akci, nebo jen o nez\u00e1vazn\u00fd n\u00e1vrh.\u201c<\/span><\/p>\n

    V Evrop\u011b ji\u017e n\u011bkter\u00e9 zem\u011b zavedly opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se rovnaj\u00ed energetick\u00e9 uz\u00e1v\u011b\u0159e. Slovensko zavedlo omezen\u00ed tankov\u00e1n\u00ed nafty. D\u00e1le byl omezen v\u00fdvoz paliv a \u010derpac\u00ed stanice mohou \u00fa\u010dtovat zahrani\u010dn\u00edm \u0159idi\u010d\u016fm vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ceny.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Slovinsko tak\u00e9 stanovilo limity pro mno\u017estv\u00ed paliva, kter\u00e9 lze koupit. Ma\u010farsko zavedlo maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed ceny pohonn\u00fdch hmot pro vozidla s ma\u010farsk\u00fdmi registra\u010dn\u00edmi zna\u010dkami. Portugalsko stanovilo maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed ceny elekt\u0159iny a vy\u017eaduje, aby dom\u00e1cnosti a podniky sn\u00ed\u017eily svou spot\u0159ebu energie.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Naopak existuj\u00ed i \u200b\u200bopat\u0159en\u00ed opa\u010dn\u00fdm sm\u011brem. N\u011bkter\u00e9 evropsk\u00e9 zem\u011b, v\u010detn\u011b It\u00e1lie, \u0160pan\u011blska a \u0160v\u00e9dska, zva\u017euj\u00ed sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed dan\u00ed z ropn\u00fdch produkt\u016f. Nizozemsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da to prozat\u00edm nepl\u00e1nuje.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Jsme v\u0161ak teprve na za\u010d\u00e1tku toho, co by se mohlo st\u00e1t v\u00e1\u017enou kriz\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na pokud bude v\u00e1lka v oblasti Persk\u00e9ho z\u00e1livu pokra\u010dovat.<\/span><\/p>\n

    V\u00edce ne\u017e 20 procent sv\u011btov\u00fdch dod\u00e1vek ropy a 20 procent zkapaln\u011bn\u00e9ho zemn\u00edho plynu (LNG) mus\u00ed b\u00fdt p\u0159epravov\u00e1no p\u0159es zablokovan\u00fd Hormuzsk\u00fd pr\u016fliv. Pod \u00fatokem je i trasa p\u0159es Rud\u00e9 mo\u0159e a Suezsk\u00fd pr\u016fplav.<\/span><\/p>\n

    D\u00e1le byly zp\u016fsobeny zna\u010dn\u00e9 \u0161kody na energetick\u00e9 infrastruktu\u0159e v st\u00e1tech Persk\u00e9ho z\u00e1livu, v\u010detn\u011b rafinerie Ras Tanura v Sa\u00fadsk\u00e9 Ar\u00e1bii, exportn\u00edho uzlu Fud\u017eajra ve Spojen\u00fdch arabsk\u00fdch emir\u00e1tech a obrovsk\u00e9ho plyn\u00e1rensk\u00e9ho a chemick\u00e9ho komplexu Ras Laffan v Kataru.<\/span><\/p>\n

    V d\u016fsledku toho ceny n\u011bkter\u00fdch rafinovan\u00fdch produkt\u016f \u2013 zejm\u00e9na nafty, leteck\u00e9ho paliva a zkapaln\u011bn\u00e9ho ropn\u00e9ho plynu (LPG) \u2013 rostou je\u0161t\u011b rychleji ne\u017e ceny ropy. Cena leteck\u00e9ho paliva se prvn\u00ed obchodn\u00ed den po zah\u00e1jen\u00ed \u00fatok\u016f ztrojn\u00e1sobila. Evropa loni odeb\u00edrala v\u00edce ne\u017e t\u0159etinu sv\u00e9ho leteck\u00e9ho paliva z Kuvajtu.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Nav\u00edc se r\u00fdsuje dal\u0161\u00ed temn\u00fd mrak: odborn\u00edci varuj\u00ed, \u017ee ropn\u00e1 krize by mohla m\u00edt katastrof\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u016fsledky pro glob\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1sobov\u00e1n\u00ed potravinami.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Ceny potravin jsou siln\u011b ovlivn\u011bny n\u00e1klady na pohonn\u00e9 hmoty a v\u00edce ne\u017e 40 procent sv\u011btov\u00e9ho v\u00fdvozu mo\u010doviny a 30 procent v\u00fdvozu amoniaku poch\u00e1z\u00ed ze zem\u00ed kolem Persk\u00e9ho z\u00e1livu. Ob\u011b suroviny jsou kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 pro v\u00fdrobu hnojiv.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Cena mo\u010doviny, kter\u00e1 tvo\u0159\u00ed 90 procent n\u00e1klad\u016f na v\u00fdrobu potravin, od prosince vzrostla ji\u017e o 75 procent. S\u00edra, jej\u00ed\u017e 45 procent sv\u011btov\u00e9ho objemu obchodu proch\u00e1z\u00ed Hormuzsk\u00fdm pr\u016flivem, je tak\u00e9 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 pro v\u00fdrobu hnojiv.<\/span><\/p>\n

    K tomuto r\u016fstu cen doch\u00e1z\u00ed v dob\u011b, kdy se ve velk\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stech sv\u011bta bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed set\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u201eJe to z\u00e1vod s \u010dasem,\u201c p\u00ed\u0161e analytik Kevin Walmsley. \u201ePokud Hormuzsk\u00fd pr\u016fliv z\u016fstane uzav\u0159en dal\u0161\u00ed dva t\u00fddny a Katar nebude moci obnovit produkci po \u0161kod\u00e1ch v Ras Laffanu, povede to k v\u00fdrazn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm cen\u00e1m potravin po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b.\u201c<\/span><\/p>\n

    Ekonom Simon White z agentury Bloomberg poukazuje na to, \u017ee ceny potravin b\u011bhem ropn\u00fdch kriz\u00ed v 70. letech rostly prud\u010deji ne\u017e samotn\u00e9 ceny ropy.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Dopad na odv\u011btv\u00ed rybolovu je tak\u00e9 obrovsk\u00fd. St\u00e1le v\u00edce ryb\u00e1\u0159\u016f ji\u017e nevyplouv\u00e1 na mo\u0159e, proto\u017ee vysok\u00e9 n\u00e1klady na palivo to ekonomicky znemo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

    NOS uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee polovina nizozemsk\u00fdch lod\u00ed lov\u00edc\u00edch plat\u00fdse, jako je mo\u0159sk\u00fd jazyk, plat\u00fds a pakabal \u2013 z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 v p\u0159\u00edstavu, proto\u017ee nafta se stala p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 drahou. Podobn\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed z Irska a Thajska. V Irsku se \u00fadajn\u011b t\u0159etina ze 180 ryb\u00e1\u0159\u016f lov\u00edc\u00edch na mo\u0159i ji\u017e rozhodla nevyplout na mo\u0159e.<\/span><\/p>\n

    To v\u0161e neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee je energetick\u00e1 krize nevyhnuteln\u00e1, nato\u017e pak energetick\u00e9 uz\u00e1v\u011bry.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Zem\u011b by tak\u00e9 mohly p\u0159ijmout opat\u0159en\u00ed ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed dod\u00e1vek, nap\u0159\u00edklad zru\u0161en\u00ed sankc\u00ed proti Rusku nebo obnoven\u00ed t\u011b\u017eby plynu v Groningenu. Mohly by tak\u00e9 p\u0159ej\u00edt na alternativy, jako je uhl\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Pro evropsk\u00e9 politiky v\u0161ak nepochybn\u011b hraje roli i fakt, \u017ee energetick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edd\u011blov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my dokonale zapadaj\u00ed do klimatick\u00e9 politiky, kterou prosazuj\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Je to ide\u00e1ln\u00ed prost\u0159edek k dosa\u017een\u00ed jejich ambice \u201enulov\u00fdch \u010dist\u00fdch emis\u00ed\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Premi\u00e9r Rob Jetten ji\u017e na sv\u00e9m prvn\u00edm summitu EU prohl\u00e1sil, \u017ee je \u201er\u00e1d\u201c, \u017ee bylo na \u00farovni EU rozhodnuto neuvol\u0148ovat klimatickou politiku s c\u00edlem sn\u00ed\u017eit ceny energi\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Podle jeho n\u00e1zoru ropn\u00e1 krize ukazuje, \u017ee \u201esn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed z\u00e1vislosti na fosiln\u00edch palivech je pro Evropu velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Nezm\u00ednil se o tom, \u017ee toto \u201esn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed\u201c \u2013 v\u010detn\u011b rusk\u00e9ho plynu a uhl\u00ed \u2013 u\u010dinilo Evropu siln\u011b z\u00e1vislou na zkapaln\u011bn\u00e9m zemn\u00edm plynu z USA a na pov\u011btrnostn\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch pro sol\u00e1rn\u00ed a v\u011btrnou energii.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Tak\u00e9 zapomn\u011bl zm\u00ednit, \u017ee toto \u201esn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed\u201c vedlo k tomu, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 evropsk\u00e9 zem\u011b maj\u00ed nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ceny energi\u00ed na sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Bert Weteringe a Karel Beckman<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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    Zdroj<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n

     <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Energetick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edd\u011bly dokonale zapadaj\u00ed do klimatick\u00e9 politiky. Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed energetick\u00e1 agentura (IEA), nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed energetick\u00e1 organizace…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":103423,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,285,41,371],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/103422"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=103422"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/103422\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/103423"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=103422"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=103422"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=103422"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}