{"id":103328,"date":"2026-03-31T00:17:40","date_gmt":"2026-03-30T22:17:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=103328"},"modified":"2026-03-30T08:11:45","modified_gmt":"2026-03-30T06:11:45","slug":"nastal-cas-petrojuanu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/03\/31\/nastal-cas-petrojuanu\/","title":{"rendered":"Nastal \u010das petrojuan\u016f"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

Z geopolitick\u00e9ho hlediska je pro Washington v s\u00e1zce zna\u010dn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed. Petrodolar je z\u00e1kladem jeho kolos\u00e1ln\u00edch vojensk\u00fdch v\u00fddaj\u016f, chronick\u00e9ho dluhu a optim\u00e1ln\u00edho prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed ekonomick\u00e9 v\u00e1lky prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm represivn\u00edch sankc\u00ed.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

V kontextu\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0st\u00e1le znepokojiv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>v\u00e1lky mezi americko-izraelskou a \u00edr\u00e1nskou alianc\u00ed nen\u00ed v s\u00e1zce jen rovnov\u00e1ha sil v z\u00e1padn\u00ed Asii nebo spr\u00e1va Hormuzsk\u00e9ho pr\u016flivu, ale tak\u00e9 budoucnost mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho m\u011bnov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, jak jej zn\u00e1me od 70. let 20. stolet\u00ed: ukotven\u00e9ho v petrodolarech, slou\u017e\u00edc\u00edho americk\u00e9 imperi\u00e1ln\u00ed hegemonii a instrumentalizovan\u00e9ho proti washingtonsk\u00fdm rival\u016fm, v posledn\u00edch letech nab\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edho st\u00e1le chronick\u00e9ho charakteru.<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Stru\u010dn\u00fd historick\u00fd p\u0159ehled<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 neofici\u00e1ln\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy<\/span><\/a>\u00a0nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee Teher\u00e1n podmi\u0148uje plavbu ropn\u00fdch tanker\u016f kl\u00ed\u010dovou n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed trasou spojuj\u00edc\u00ed Persk\u00fd z\u00e1liv s Om\u00e1nsk\u00fdm z\u00e1livem a Arabsk\u00fdm mo\u0159em platbou za ropu v juanech. Toto opat\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159edstavuje jasnou geopolitickou v\u00fdzvu pro petrodolar, kter\u00fdm Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty\u00a0<\/span>od\u00a0<\/span>dohody<\/span><\/a>\u00a0mezi Richardem Nixonem a sa\u00fadskoarabsk\u00fdm kr\u00e1lem Fajsalem v roce 1974 garantuj\u00ed a br\u00e1n\u00ed svou glob\u00e1ln\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00ed moc.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Pro Washington to byla situace v\u00fdhodn\u00e1 pro v\u0161echny: v\u00fdm\u011bnou za bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed z\u00e1ruky by producenti z Persk\u00e9ho z\u00e1livu obchodovali se svou ropou v\u00fdhradn\u011b v dolarech, co\u017e by podpo\u0159ilo rostouc\u00ed popt\u00e1vku po t\u00e9to m\u011bn\u011b (a t\u00edm pos\u00edlilo jej\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed v\u00e1hu) a jej\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>n\u00e1slednou recyklaci do americk\u00fdch st\u00e1tn\u00edch dluhopis\u016f<\/span><\/a>\u00a0a finan\u010dn\u00edch aktiv (pokr\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch dom\u00e1c\u00ed deficit).<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u00edky p\u0159\u00edlivu petrodolar\u016f do ekonomiky se tak Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty mohly bez omezen\u00ed zadlu\u017eovat a\u00a0<\/span>zvy\u0161ovat vojensk\u00e9 v\u00fddaje, ani\u017e by oslabovaly svou m\u011bnu<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0, a z\u00e1rove\u0148 si zachovaly nadvl\u00e1du nad monarchiemi Persk\u00e9ho z\u00e1livu, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo mo\u017en\u00e9mu partnerstv\u00ed s konkuren\u010dn\u00edmi mocnostmi.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Nespol\u00e9hejte se na\u00a0<\/span>ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed fakt\u016f<\/span><\/em> , ale na trendy<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Pr\u00e1v\u011b tento syst\u00e9m zalo\u017een\u00fd na petrodolarech, \u0161it\u00fd na m\u00edru pro Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty, za\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed zkrat v reakci \u00cdr\u00e1nu na vojenskou ofenzivu Washingtonu a Tel Avivu. Ne\u00fanavn\u00e9 \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00e9 \u00fatoky dron\u016f a raket strategicky podkop\u00e1vaj\u00ed obrann\u00e9 z\u00e1ruky sl\u00edben\u00e9 Nixonem, zat\u00edmco jeho kontrola nad Hormuzsk\u00fdm pr\u016flivem demonstruje jeho asymetrickou schopnost zp\u016fsobit americk\u00e9 ekonomice zna\u010dn\u00e9 \u0161kody a nutit ji n\u00e9st n\u00e1klady na\u00a0<\/span>sv\u016fj p\u0159emr\u0161t\u011bn\u00fd a neudr\u017eiteln\u00fd dluh<\/span><\/a>\u00a0. Zkr\u00e1tka,\u00a0<\/span>odpor<\/span><\/em>\u00a0samotn\u00e9ho petrodolaru.<\/span><\/p>\n

Informace koluj\u00edc\u00ed po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b ohledn\u011b\u00a0<\/span>pl\u00e1nu j\u00fcanizace ropy v Hormuzsk\u00e9m regionu nevy\u017eaduj\u00ed ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed fakt\u016f,<\/span><\/em>\u00a0jeliko\u017e jsou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed hnut\u00ed m\u011bnov\u00e9 restrukturalizace, kter\u00e9 se v posledn\u00edch letech zrychlilo. Mezi lety 2015 a 2018 \u010c\u00edna institucionalizovala svou strategii st\u00e1t se v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm finan\u010dn\u00edm hr\u00e1\u010dem, co\u017e je konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed d\u016fsledek jej\u00edho nesporn\u00e9ho statusu glob\u00e1ln\u00ed ekonomick\u00e9 mocnosti.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u010c\u00ednsk\u00e1 lidov\u00e1 banka\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0nejprve\u00a0<\/span>spustila<\/span><\/a>\u00a0syst\u00e9m p\u0159eshrani\u010dn\u00edch\u00a0<\/span>mezibankovn\u00edch plateb (CIPS)<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0, platformu nez\u00e1vislou na syst\u00e9mu SWIFT ovl\u00e1dan\u00e9m USA a \u0161iroce pou\u017e\u00edvanou pro operativn\u00ed implementaci represivn\u00edch sankc\u00ed. O n\u011bkolik let pozd\u011bji\u00a0<\/span>ozn\u00e1mila<\/span><\/a>\u00a0prvn\u00ed futures kontrakty na ropu na \u0160anghajsk\u00e9 mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed energetick\u00e9 burze v r\u00e1mci ambici\u00f3zn\u00edho programu digitalizace a internacionalizace j\u00fcanu, jeho\u017e c\u00edlem je sn\u00ed\u017eit z\u00e1vislost Pekingu na dolaru.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Koncem roku 2023 \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fd energetick\u00fd gigant CNPC potvrdil vstup petrojuan\u016f do m\u011bnov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, kdy\u017e\u00a0<\/span>provedl<\/span><\/a>\u00a0svou\u00a0<\/span>prvn\u00ed transakci s ropou v digit\u00e1ln\u00edch juanech prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm \u0160anghajsk\u00e9 burzy ropy a plynu.<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0A\u010dkoli se americk\u00e9 sankce proti Teher\u00e1nu a Moskv\u011b sna\u017eily ochromit jejich ropn\u00fd pr\u016fmysl vyu\u017eit\u00edm petrodolar\u016f jako p\u00e1ky (kontrola syst\u00e9mu SWIFT), ob\u011b zem\u011b na\u0161ly ve finan\u010dn\u00ed architektu\u0159e \u010c\u00ednsk\u00e9 lidov\u00e9 republiky spolehlivou alternativu pro obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed s ropou.<\/span><\/p>\n

V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b\u00a0prob\u00edh\u00e1\u00a0<\/span>obchod s ropou mezi \u00cdr\u00e1nem, Ruskem a<\/span><\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Pekingem p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b v juanech prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm syst\u00e9mu CIPS, co\u017e minimalizuje \u00fa\u010dast dolaru v obchodu s energi\u00ed mezi t\u011bmito dv\u011bma hlavn\u00edmi mocnostmi produkuj\u00edc\u00edmi uhlovod\u00edky a nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm sv\u011btov\u00fdm spot\u0159ebitelem ropy.<\/span><\/p>\n

Postupn\u00fd r\u016fst petrojuanu vede\u00a0<\/span>ekonomku Dianu Choylevovou<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0k\u00a0<\/span>tvrzen\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, \u017ee \u201e\u00a0<\/span>pokles petrodolaru v Persk\u00e9m z\u00e1livu ji\u017e nen\u00ed ot\u00e1zkou, zda k n\u011bmu dojde, ale kdy, a toto \u201akdy\u2018 se bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed rychleji, ne\u017e si mysl\u00edme<\/span><\/em>\u00a0.\u201c Podle hlavn\u00ed ekonomky konzulta\u010dn\u00ed firmy\u00a0<\/span>Enodo Economics<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0finan\u010dn\u00ed inovace propagovan\u00e9 \u010c\u00ednou \u201e\u00a0<\/span>nab\u00edzej\u00ed producent\u016fm ropy nejen \u017eivotaschopn\u00e9 alternativy, ale potenci\u00e1ln\u011b i lep\u0161\u00ed alternativy ne\u017e dolarov\u00e9 vypo\u0159\u00e1dac\u00ed kan\u00e1ly, kter\u00e9 jsou obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b zraniteln\u00e9 v\u016f\u010di naru\u0161en\u00ed zp\u016fsoben\u00e9mu technologick\u00fdm pokrokem<\/span><\/em>\u00a0.\u201c<\/span><\/p>\n

Nyn\u00ed, kdy\u017e jsou z\u00e1klady dohody navr\u017een\u00e9 Nixonem v\u00e1\u017en\u011b zpochyb\u0148ov\u00e1ny, by se mohly potvrdit v\u00fdhody petrojuanu zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 \u010cojlevovou. V t\u00e9to souvislosti by se \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00e9 man\u00e9vry s c\u00edlem vnutit podm\u00ednky v Hormuzsk\u00e9m pr\u016flivu sna\u017eily vytvo\u0159it dal\u0161\u00ed pob\u00eddku k jeho p\u0159ijet\u00ed, a to ve snaze\u00a0<\/span>spojit<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u201e\u00a0<\/span>vojenskou geografii a m\u011bnovou strategii<\/span><\/em>\u00a0\u201c, uv\u00e1d\u00ed ekonom Kashif Hasan Khan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Strategick\u00e9 d\u016fsledky<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Zn\u00e1mky \u00fapadku klenotu americk\u00e9ho imp\u00e9ria nemus\u00ed nutn\u011b znamenat bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed strategickou ofenzivu proti petrojuanu v podob\u011b \u00fapln\u00e9 n\u00e1hrady syst\u00e9mu. Ve skute\u010dnosti\u00a0<\/span>vojensk\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed v Hormuzsk\u00e9m pr\u016flivu katalyzuje postupnou erozi petrodolar\u016f a z\u00e1rove\u0148 nab\u00edz\u00ed Pekingu nov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti k pos\u00edlen\u00ed jeho integrace do ekonomiky Persk\u00e9ho z\u00e1livu<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0. Tato integrace se op\u00edr\u00e1 o velk\u00e9 infrastrukturn\u00ed projekty a\u00a0<\/span>investice<\/span><\/a>\u00a0p\u0159esahuj\u00edc\u00ed 70 miliard dolar\u016f, pro kter\u00e9 Peking pot\u0159ebuje autonomn\u00ed platformu, kter\u00e1 sn\u00ed\u017e\u00ed jeho zranitelnost.<\/span><\/p>\n

R\u016fst petrojuanu odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed nejen snahu \u010c\u00ednsk\u00e9 lidov\u00e9 republiky chr\u00e1nit se dedolarizac\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9\u00a0<\/span>p\u0159irozen\u00fd proces p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00ed<\/span><\/em>\u00a0v r\u00e1mci finan\u010dn\u00ed multipolarity, kter\u00fd je s\u00e1m o sob\u011b spojen\u00fd s reorganizac\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00ed ekonomiky:\u00a0<\/span>\u010c\u00edna absorbuje<\/span><\/a>\u00a037 % ropy p\u0159epravovan\u00e9 Hormuzsk\u00fdm pr\u016flivem, zat\u00edmco Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty absorbuj\u00ed pouze 2,5 %, \u010d\u00edm\u017e znehodnocuj\u00ed roli petrodolaru v region\u00e1ln\u00ed ekonomick\u00e9 dynamice.<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0A\u010dkoli \u0161irok\u00e9 p\u0159ijet\u00ed petrojuanu v Persk\u00e9m z\u00e1livu nen\u00ed v kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9m horizontu zaru\u010deno, pob\u00eddky ke geoekonomick\u00e9 konvergenci mezi producenty a kupuj\u00edc\u00edmi rostou. Snahy Sa\u00fadsk\u00e9 Ar\u00e1bie o\u00a0<\/span>j\u00fcanizaci<\/span><\/em>\u00a0prodeje uhlovod\u00edk\u016f je t\u0159eba analyzovat z tohoto struktur\u00e1ln\u00edho hlediska.<\/span><\/p>\n

Z geopolitick\u00e9ho hlediska je pro Washington v s\u00e1zce zna\u010dn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed. Petrodolar\u00a0<\/span>je z\u00e1kladem<\/span><\/a>\u00a0jeho kolos\u00e1ln\u00edch vojensk\u00fdch v\u00fddaj\u016f, chronick\u00e9ho dluhu a optim\u00e1ln\u00edho prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed ekonomick\u00e9 v\u00e1lky prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm\u00a0<\/span>represivn\u00edch sankc\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0zam\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch na oslaben\u00ed soupe\u0159\u00edc\u00edch mocnost\u00ed. B\u00edl\u00fd d\u016fm se proto neob\u00e1v\u00e1 mo\u017enosti okam\u017eit\u00e9ho kolapsu tohoto syst\u00e9mu, ale sp\u00ed\u0161e mo\u017enosti, \u017ee expanze petrojuanu by mohla strategicky omezit, nebo dokonce v\u00fdrazn\u011b oslabit mocensk\u00e9 schopnosti imp\u00e9ria.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Co Nixon p\u0159ed 52 lety rozhodn\u011b nep\u0159edv\u00eddal, je to, \u017ee syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd vytvo\u0159il, nakonec \u010del\u00ed existen\u010dn\u00edmu dilematu: pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00e1lky a sankc\u00ed k ochran\u011b syst\u00e9mu zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9ho na dolar vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed podm\u00ednky pro jeho oslaben\u00ed, \u010deho\u017e jsme v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b konkr\u00e9tn\u011b sv\u011bdky v Hormuzsk\u00e9m regionu.<\/span><\/p>\n

od\u00a0<\/span>Guillaumea Serafina<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Z geopolitick\u00e9ho hlediska je pro Washington v s\u00e1zce zna\u010dn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed. Petrodolar je z\u00e1kladem jeho kolos\u00e1ln\u00edch…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":103329,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,30,7435,10813,310],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/103328"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=103328"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/103328\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/103329"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=103328"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=103328"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=103328"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}