{"id":101869,"date":"2026-03-14T00:28:19","date_gmt":"2026-03-13T23:28:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=101869"},"modified":"2026-03-13T12:37:33","modified_gmt":"2026-03-13T11:37:33","slug":"philippe-rosenthal-valka-na-blizkem-vychode-dorazi-na-jiz-tak-oslabeny-prumysl-eu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/03\/14\/philippe-rosenthal-valka-na-blizkem-vychode-dorazi-na-jiz-tak-oslabeny-prumysl-eu\/","title":{"rendered":"Philippe Rosenthal: V\u00e1lka na Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u00fdchod\u011b dor\u00e1\u017e\u00ed na ji\u017e tak oslaben\u00fd pr\u016fmysl EU"},"content":{"rendered":"
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V\u00e1lka veden\u00e1 americko-izraelskou osou a jej\u00edmi spojenci proti \u00cdr\u00e1nu zasazuje smrteln\u00fd \u00fader pr\u016fmyslu v Evrop\u011b a hroz\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edm uzav\u00edr\u00e1n\u00edm pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch odv\u011btv\u00ed a podnik\u016f.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u00e1lka proti \u00cdr\u00e1nu \u201ezasazuje\u00a0<\/span>t\u011b\u017ekou r\u00e1nu<\/span><\/a>\u00a0ji\u017e tak oslaben\u00e9mu evropsk\u00e9mu chemick\u00e9mu pr\u016fmyslu a zhor\u0161uje kritickou nouzovou situaci v energeticky n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdch odv\u011btv\u00edch, zejm\u00e9na v N\u011bmecku. Eskalace nap\u011bt\u00ed zp\u016fsobila prudk\u00fd n\u00e1r\u016fst cen zemn\u00edho plynu (a\u017e na zhruba 56 EUR\/MWh) a cen ropy, co\u017e hroz\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edm uzav\u00edr\u00e1n\u00edm chemick\u00fdch z\u00e1vod\u016f, kter\u00e9 \u010del\u00ed neudr\u017eiteln\u00fdm v\u00fdrobn\u00edm n\u00e1klad\u016fm,\u201c\u00a0 uv\u00e1d\u00ed agentura\u00a0<\/span>Bloomberg<\/span><\/em>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

Konflikt naru\u0161il z\u00e1kladn\u00ed z\u00e1sobovac\u00ed trasy, co\u017e vedlo ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed v\u00fdrobn\u00edch n\u00e1klad\u016f v energeticky n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdch odv\u011btv\u00edch. Nap\u0159\u00edklad podle anglicky psan\u00e9ho finan\u010dn\u00edho den\u00edku by se m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dty za plyn pro provozovatele, jako je InfraLeuna (jeden z hlavn\u00edch evropsk\u00fdch chemick\u00fdch z\u00e1vod\u016f), mohly zv\u00fd\u0161it z 6 milion\u016f eur na p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 17 milion\u016f eur, co\u017e by mohlo v\u00e9st k uzav\u0159en\u00ed tov\u00e1ren.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u201eInfraLeuna tvo\u0159\u00ed p\u00e1te\u0159 v\u00edce ne\u017e 100 spole\u010dnost\u00ed p\u016fsob\u00edc\u00edch v dan\u00e9 lokalit\u011b a zaru\u010duje efektivn\u00ed a n\u00e1kladov\u011b optimalizovanou v\u00fdrobu,\u201c\u00a0<\/span>zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nky skupiny \u00a0. InfraLeuna je dodavatelem energie, kter\u00fd provozuje elektr\u00e1rny (elektr\u00e1rny s kombinovan\u00fdm cyklem) na v\u00fdrobu elekt\u0159iny a p\u00e1ry.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Skupina ovliv\u0148uje\u00a0n\u011bkolik odv\u011btv\u00ed , jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad rafinace ropy: \u201eKatalyz\u00e1tory pat\u0159\u00ed mezi tradi\u010dn\u00ed produkty spole\u010dnosti Leuna. Prvn\u00ed katalyz\u00e1tor byl vyroben zde na po\u010d\u00e1tku 20. let 20. stolet\u00ed. Spole\u010dnost Shell Catalysts & Technologies Leuna GmbH vyr\u00e1b\u00ed hydrogena\u010dn\u00ed a selektivn\u00ed hydrogena\u010dn\u00ed katalyz\u00e1tory pro rafinaci ropy a tak\u00e9 katalyz\u00e1tory navr\u017een\u00e9 na zak\u00e1zku.\u201c Infraleuna m\u00e1 tak\u00e9\u00a0<\/a><\/span>vliv na<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0rafinerii TotalEnergies ve st\u0159edn\u00edm N\u011bmecku, jeden z nejmodern\u011bj\u0161\u00edch, nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch a energeticky nej\u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch z\u00e1vod\u016f na zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed ropy v Evrop\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

Infraleuna je tak\u00e9 strategick\u00e1 pro technologie plynu a vody: dod\u00e1vky pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch plyn\u016f, stla\u010den\u00e9ho vzduchu a \u00fapravu vody. Chemick\u00fd komplex Leuna je obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b zraniteln\u00fd a p\u0159edstavuje pozoruhodn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edklad ekonomiky z\u00e1visl\u00e9 na dovozu energie a surovin.<\/span><\/p>\n

Uzav\u0159en\u00ed nebo naru\u0161en\u00ed Hormuzsk\u00e9ho pr\u016flivu vyvolalo obavy z v\u00fdrazn\u00e9ho nedostatku surovin, co\u017e ovliv\u0148uje 30 a\u017e 40 % evropsk\u00e9 ropy pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 k v\u00fdrob\u011b nafty, kter\u00e1 poch\u00e1z\u00ed z Persk\u00e9ho z\u00e1livu.\u00a0<\/span>Nafta<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0je kapaln\u00e1 sm\u011bs lehk\u00fdch uhlovod\u00edk\u016f, co\u017e znamen\u00e1 molekuly slo\u017een\u00e9 z atom\u016f uhl\u00edku a vod\u00edku (v mal\u00e9m mno\u017estv\u00ed). Je prim\u00e1rn\u00ed slo\u017ekou rafinace ropy a hlavn\u00edm materi\u00e1lem pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdm v petrochemii.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u011bmeck\u00fd chemick\u00fd sektor, kter\u00fd se ji\u017e tak pot\u00fdk\u00e1 s n\u00e1sledky v\u00e1lky na Ukrajin\u011b, \u010del\u00ed prohlubuj\u00edc\u00ed se krizi, kter\u00e1 ohro\u017euje jeho roli pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9ho pil\u00ed\u0159e, a existuj\u00ed obavy z naru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 v\u00fdroby. Rostouc\u00ed ceny energi\u00ed nejen zvy\u0161uj\u00ed v\u00fdrobn\u00ed n\u00e1klady, ale o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 se tak\u00e9, \u017ee utlum\u00ed celkovou popt\u00e1vku po chemik\u00e1li\u00edch, a t\u00edm zintenzivn\u00ed tlak na v\u00fdrobce, kte\u0159\u00ed ji\u017e tak hospoda\u0159\u00ed s n\u00edzk\u00fdmi mar\u017eemi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pro p\u0159ipomenut\u00ed, pokud jde o tranzit ropy, v roce 2025 se podle \u00fadaj\u016f Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed energetick\u00e9 agentury (IEA)\u00a0<\/span>p\u0159es<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0Hormuzsk\u00fd pr\u016fliv p\u0159epravovalo v pr\u016fm\u011bru t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 15 milion\u016f barel\u016f ropy denn\u011b a dal\u0161\u00edch 5 milion\u016f barel\u016f ropn\u00fdch produkt\u016f denn\u011b.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Celkov\u011b tento pr\u016fliv vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 25 % celosv\u011btov\u00e9 n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed p\u0159epravy ropy (surov\u00e9 a rafinovan\u00e9 produkty), uv\u00e1d\u00ed IEA. Ropa p\u0159epravovan\u00e1 Hormuzsk\u00fdm pr\u016flivem poch\u00e1z\u00ed p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b ze \u010dty\u0159 zem\u00ed: Sa\u00fadsk\u00e9 Ar\u00e1bie (31,4 % objemu v roce 2025), Ir\u00e1ku (18,3 %), Spojen\u00fdch arabsk\u00fdch emir\u00e1t\u016f (16,3 %), \u00cdr\u00e1nu (12,1 %) a Kuvajtu (11,9 %). V\u011bt\u0161ina ropy prot\u00e9kaj\u00edc\u00ed t\u00edmto pr\u016flivem sm\u011b\u0159uje do asijsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e hlavn\u00edmi dovozci jsou \u010c\u00edna, Indie a Japonsko. Zejm\u00e9na \u010c\u00edna a Indie se podle IEA pod\u00edlely 44 % na p\u0159eprav\u011b ropy v regionu t\u00edmto pr\u016flivem (ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s pouh\u00fdmi 4 % ur\u010den\u00fdmi pro Evropu).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Pokud jde o tranzit zkapaln\u011bn\u00e9ho zemn\u00edho plynu, \u201et\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161echny dod\u00e1vky zkapaln\u011bn\u00e9ho zemn\u00edho plynu (LNG) z Kataru (druh\u00e9ho nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edho sv\u011btov\u00e9ho v\u00fdvozce s v\u00edce ne\u017e 112 miliardami m3 exportovan\u00fdch v roce 2025) a Spojen\u00fdch arabsk\u00fdch emir\u00e1t\u016f (7 miliard m3 exportovan\u00fdch v lo\u0148sk\u00e9m roce) proch\u00e1zej\u00ed Hormuzsk\u00fdm pr\u016flivem. Celkem t\u00edmto pr\u016flivem prot\u00e9k\u00e1 t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 20 % celosv\u011btov\u011b p\u0159epravovan\u00e9ho LNG,\u201c\u00a0<\/span>uv\u00e1d\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0web\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>Connaissance des \u00c9nergies<\/span><\/em>\u00a0a up\u0159es\u0148uje: \u201eStejn\u011b jako u ropy jsou katarsk\u00e9 a emir\u00e1tsk\u00e9 dod\u00e1vky LNG p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b ur\u010deny pro asijsk\u00e9 trhy (t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 90 % v lo\u0148sk\u00e9m roce).\u201c<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00e1lka mezi Spojen\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty a Izraelem, podporovan\u00e1 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm Franci\u00ed, N\u011bmeckem, Spojen\u00fdm kr\u00e1lovstv\u00edm a p\u0159edsedkyn\u00ed Evropsk\u00e9 komise Ursulou von der Leyenovou, zp\u016fsobuje prudce rostouc\u00ed ceny energi\u00ed, bezprecedentn\u00ed naru\u0161en\u00ed dodavatelsk\u00e9ho \u0159et\u011bzce a sn\u00ed\u017eenou celosv\u011btovou popt\u00e1vku po chemik\u00e1li\u00edch.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>Detroit News\u00a0<\/span><\/em>popisuje<\/span><\/a>\u00a0situaci\u00a0jako sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159 \u201ebez sv\u011btla z tunelu\u201c pro v\u00fdrobce chemik\u00e1li\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed ji\u017e po energetick\u00e9 krizi v roce 2022 \u010delili vysok\u00fdm n\u00e1klad\u016fm.<\/span><\/p>\n

Podle J\u00e9r\u00f4ma Sabathiera, vedouc\u00edho odd\u011blen\u00ed ekonomiky a environment\u00e1ln\u00edho hodnocen\u00ed ve spole\u010dnosti IFP Energies nouvelles, \u201ev glob\u00e1ln\u00ed ekonomice \u010del\u00edme obrovsk\u00e9 volatilit\u011b a nejistot\u011b\u201c ohledn\u011b trv\u00e1n\u00ed konfliktu. \u201eCena ropy Brent prozat\u00edm nep\u0159ekvapiv\u011b p\u0159ekro\u010dila 80 dolar\u016f za barel, zat\u00edmco ceny plynu velmi rychle a, co\u017e je pro analytiky p\u0159ekvapiv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, prudce vzrostly,\u201c uzav\u0159el.<\/span><\/p>\n

Uzav\u0159en\u00ed spole\u010dnosti InfraLeuna, kter\u00e1 provozuje kl\u00ed\u010dovou infrastrukturu a procesy v chemick\u00e9m z\u00e1vod\u011b Leuna, by m\u011blo v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 d\u016fsledky pro n\u011bmeck\u00fd chemick\u00fd pr\u016fmysl, region\u00e1ln\u00ed ekonomiku Saska-Anhaltska a dod\u00e1vky chemik\u00e1li\u00ed, stejn\u011b jako pro Francii. Spojen\u00ed mezi spole\u010dnost\u00ed InfraLeuna (spole\u010dnost\u00ed provozuj\u00edc\u00ed chemick\u00fd z\u00e1vod Leuna v N\u011bmecku) a Franci\u00ed je patrn\u00e9 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch chemick\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed s ko\u0159eny nebo vazbami na Francii, kter\u00e9 v tomto z\u00e1vod\u011b vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00ed, a prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm jej\u00ed integrace do evropsk\u00fdch chemick\u00fdch skupin. To zd\u016fraz\u0148uje zranitelnost evropsk\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Philippe Rosenthal<\/span><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V\u00e1lka veden\u00e1 americko-izraelskou osou a jej\u00edmi spojenci proti \u00cdr\u00e1nu zasazuje smrteln\u00fd \u00fader pr\u016fmyslu v Evrop\u011b…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":101870,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,41,38,371,2109,40],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/101869"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=101869"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/101869\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/101870"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=101869"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=101869"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=101869"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}