{"id":101577,"date":"2026-03-11T00:30:54","date_gmt":"2026-03-10T23:30:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=101577"},"modified":"2026-03-10T18:56:39","modified_gmt":"2026-03-10T17:56:39","slug":"americka-unipolarita-versus-cinska-multipolarita-ci-vize-utvari-novy-svetovy-rad","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/03\/11\/americka-unipolarita-versus-cinska-multipolarita-ci-vize-utvari-novy-svetovy-rad\/","title":{"rendered":"Americk\u00e1 unipolarita versus \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e1 multipolarita: \u010c\u00ed vize utv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed nov\u00fd sv\u011btov\u00fd \u0159\u00e1d?"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n
\n
\n

Druh\u00e1 studen\u00e1 v\u00e1lka zm\u011bnila glob\u00e1ln\u00ed syst\u00e9m a byla charakterizov\u00e1na konfliktem mezi dv\u011bma vizemi: USA cht\u011bly o\u017eivit kolonialismus a sf\u00e9ry vlivu, zat\u00edmco \u010c\u00edna usilovala o multipol\u00e1rn\u00ed \u0159\u00e1d zalo\u017een\u00fd na suverenit\u011b a spolupr\u00e1ci.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty vedou novou studenou v\u00e1lku proti \u010c\u00edn\u011b. To se ve\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>Washingtonu\u00a0<\/span><\/u><\/a>\u00a0otev\u0159en\u011b p\u0159izn\u00e1v\u00e1 ji\u017e n\u011bkolik let\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>.<\/span><\/u><\/a><\/p>\n

Prvn\u00ed a druh\u00e1 studen\u00e1 v\u00e1lka se li\u0161\u00ed v n\u011bkolika kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch aspektech. Ideologick\u00e1 propast nen\u00ed \u00fapln\u011b stejn\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n

Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty jsou kapitalistick\u00e9 a tvo\u0159\u00ed j\u00e1dro kapitalistick\u00e9ho sv\u011btov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, zat\u00edmco \u010c\u00edna je socialistick\u00e1. \u010c\u00ednsk\u00e1 lidov\u00e1 republika v\u0161ak nen\u00ed\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>Sov\u011btsk\u00fd\u00a0<\/span><\/em>\u00a0svaz; nevede socialistick\u00fd blok a Peking dal jasn\u011b najevo, \u017ee nem\u00e1 v \u00famyslu revoluci \u201eexportovat\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eNebudeme dov\u00e1\u017eet modely z jin\u00fdch zem\u00ed\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>ani nebudeme vyv\u00e1\u017eet \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fd model\u00a0<\/span><\/u><\/a>\u00a0,\u201c prohl\u00e1sil v roce 2017 prezident Si \u0164in-pching \u2013 ale dodal: \u201eNa\u0161\u00edm rozvojem nab\u00eddneme sv\u011btu v\u00edce p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed.\u201c<\/span><\/p>\n

V n\u00e1vaznosti na toto pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed je t\u0159eba zd\u016fraznit, \u017ee skute\u010dnost, \u017ee se \u010c\u00edna od SSSR zna\u010dn\u011b li\u0161\u00ed,\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>neznamen\u00e1\u00a0<\/span><\/em>\u00a0, \u017ee druh\u00e1 studen\u00e1 v\u00e1lka nem\u011bla ideologick\u00fd aspekt.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mezi USA a \u010c\u00ednou existuj\u00ed jasn\u00e9 ideologick\u00e9 rozd\u00edly a ob\u011b strany p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed velmi odli\u0161n\u00e9 vize mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch vztah\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Druh\u00e1 studen\u00e1 v\u00e1lka bude proto i nad\u00e1le\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>m\u00edt obrovsk\u00fd vliv na nov\u00fd sv\u011btov\u00fd \u0159\u00e1d, kter\u00fd se v sou\u010dasnosti formuje\u00a0<\/span><\/u><\/a>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

Stru\u010dn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, politick\u00fd model, kter\u00fd chce Washington vnutit sv\u011btu, je prav\u00fdm\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>opakem\u00a0<\/span><\/em>\u00a0politick\u00e9ho modelu prosazovan\u00e9ho Pekingem.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vl\u00e1da Donalda Trumpa se chce vr\u00e1tit\u00a0<\/span>k politice koloni\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00e9ry\u00a0<\/span><\/u><\/a>\u00a019. a po\u010d\u00e1tku 20. stolet\u00ed, kdy si z\u00e1padn\u00ed \u0159\u00ed\u0161e rozd\u011blovaly sv\u011bt mezi sebou, s ostatn\u00edmi regiony zach\u00e1zely jako se sv\u00fdmi imperi\u00e1ln\u00edmi \u201esf\u00e9rami vlivu\u201c a up\u00edraly suverenitu zem\u00edm glob\u00e1ln\u00edho Jihu.<\/span><\/p>\n

V ostr\u00e9m kontrastu s t\u00edm \u010c\u00edna \u2013 kter\u00e1 se stala ob\u011bt\u00ed kolonialismu ve stolet\u00ed pon\u00ed\u017een\u00ed \u2013 odm\u00edt\u00e1 z\u00e1padn\u00ed hegemonii a chce pov\u00fd\u0161it glob\u00e1ln\u00ed Jih na protagonistu spravedliv\u011bj\u0161\u00edho mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho \u0159\u00e1du.<\/span><\/p>\n

Peking se zasazuje o multipol\u00e1rn\u00ed syst\u00e9m, v n\u011bm\u017e v\u0161echny zem\u011b bez ohledu na svou velikost maj\u00ed hlas na mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed sc\u00e9n\u011b a jsou rovnocenn\u011b zastoupeny v multilater\u00e1ln\u00edch instituc\u00edch.<\/span><\/p>\n

Peking vn\u00edm\u00e1 suverenitu jako posv\u00e1tn\u00fd princip, kter\u00fd mus\u00ed b\u00fdt respektov\u00e1n a garantov\u00e1n v r\u00e1mci pevn\u011b zaveden\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho pr\u00e1va, kter\u00fd mus\u00ed dodr\u017eovat ka\u017ed\u00e1 zem\u011b, bez ohledu na to, zda je to velmoc nebo mal\u00fd n\u00e1rod.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dva projevy na jedn\u00e9 akci ilustruj\u00ed kontrastn\u00ed vize USA a \u010c\u00edny.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Tyto dv\u011b protich\u016fdn\u00e9 glob\u00e1ln\u00ed vize byly jasn\u011b formulov\u00e1ny na \u00fanorov\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed konferenci v Mnichov\u011b v roce 2026.<\/span><\/h3>\n

Americk\u00fd ministr zahrani\u010d\u00ed\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>Marco Rubio p\u0159ednesl otev\u0159en\u011b prokoloni\u00e1ln\u00ed projev, v\u00a0<\/span><\/u><\/a>\u00a0n\u011bm\u017e vyzval k zvr\u00e1cen\u00ed dekolonizace glob\u00e1ln\u00edho Jihu, k o\u017eiven\u00ed \u201evelk\u00fdch z\u00e1padn\u00edch \u0159\u00ed\u0161\u00ed\u201c a k vybudov\u00e1n\u00ed \u201enov\u00e9ho z\u00e1padn\u00edho stolet\u00ed\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edstavitel americk\u00e9 zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politiky hanobil protikoloni\u00e1ln\u00ed hnut\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00edho Jihu jako zlov\u011bstn\u00e9 spiknut\u00ed \u201ebezbo\u017en\u00fdch komunist\u016f\u201c. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 chv\u00e1lil kolonizaci Ameriky evropsk\u00fdmi dobyvateli, zat\u00edmco bagatelizoval a pop\u00edral genocidu proti lidskosti,<\/u><\/a>\u00a0kterou sp\u00e1chali na domorod\u00fdch obyvatel\u00edch\u00a0 .<\/span><\/u><\/p>\n

Rubiova imperialistick\u00e1 tir\u00e1da se nemohla v\u00edce li\u0161it od\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9ho ministra zahrani\u010d\u00ed Wang\u00a0<\/span><\/u><\/a>\u00a0I.<\/span><\/p>\n

Wang odsoudil \u201ez\u00e1kon d\u017eungle a unilateralismus\u201c USA a m\u00edsto toho vyzval k syst\u00e9mu \u201emezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce\u201c zalo\u017een\u00e9mu na \u201espolupr\u00e1ci v\u00fdhodn\u00e9 pro v\u0161echny\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edstavitel \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politiky prohl\u00e1sil (zv\u00fdrazn\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159id\u00e1no):<\/span><\/p>\n

Monopolizace glob\u00e1ln\u00ed moci n\u011bkolika m\u00e1lo zem\u011bmi je nepopul\u00e1rn\u00ed. \u017dijeme v\u00a0 multipol\u00e1rn\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b a mus\u00edme\u00a0praktikovat\u00a0<\/span>skute\u010dn\u00fd multilateralismus\u00a0 .<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed vztahy\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed\u00a0 v\u00edce demokracie\u00a0. O glob\u00e1ln\u00edch z\u00e1le\u017eitostech by m\u011bl diskutovat ka\u017ed\u00fd a o budoucnosti sv\u011bta by m\u011bl rozhodovat ka\u017ed\u00fd.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Mus\u00edme zajistit, aby\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>v\u0161echny zem\u011b dodr\u017eovaly stejn\u00e1 pravidla\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0, tj. z\u00e1kladn\u00ed normy mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch vztah\u016f zalo\u017een\u00e9 na c\u00edlech a z\u00e1sad\u00e1ch Charty OSN.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>V\u0161echny zem\u011b by si m\u011bly\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0b\u00fdt rovny, pokud jde o jejich pr\u00e1va, p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti a pravidla, a v\u0161echny zem\u011b, zejm\u00e9na ty mal\u00e9 a st\u0159edn\u00ed, by m\u011bly b\u00fdt schopny naj\u00edt si sv\u00e9 m\u00edsto v mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch vztaz\u00edch a plnit v nich svou roli.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

V p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9m srovn\u00e1n\u00ed tyto projevy \u017eiv\u011b ilustruj\u00ed ideologick\u00e9 rozpory druh\u00e9 studen\u00e9 v\u00e1lky.<\/span><\/p>\n

Multipol\u00e1rn\u00ed model mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch vztah\u016f prosazovan\u00fd \u010c\u00ednou je prav\u00fdm opakem unipol\u00e1rn\u00edho modelu, kter\u00fd prosazuj\u00ed Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty.<\/span><\/p>\n

Peking h\u00e1j\u00ed dekolonizaci a tou\u017e\u00ed po sv\u011btov\u00e9m \u0159\u00e1du zalo\u017een\u00e9m na multipolarit\u011b, multilateralismu a m\u00edru; Washington na druhou stranu pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 vojenskou s\u00edlu a\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>vede ekonomickou v\u00e1lku\u00a0<\/span><\/u><\/a>\u00a0v zoufal\u00e9 snaze obnovit unipol\u00e1rn\u00ed syst\u00e9m, v n\u011bm\u017e m\u016f\u017ee jednat jednostrann\u011b kdekoli na sv\u011bt\u011b bez n\u00e1sledk\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Washington si p\u0159eje mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed syst\u00e9m zalo\u017een\u00fd na pr\u00e1vu nejsiln\u011bj\u0161\u00edho.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Extr\u00e9mn\u011b imperialistick\u00fd sv\u011bton\u00e1zor americk\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy\u00a0<\/span>vyj\u00e1d\u0159il z\u00e1stupce vedouc\u00edho kancel\u00e1\u0159e Donalda Trumpa pro politiku, krajn\u011b pravicov\u00fd b\u00edl\u00fd nacionalista Stephen Miller\u00a0<\/span><\/u><\/a>\u00a0.<\/span><\/h3>\n

V lednov\u00e9m rozhovoru pro CNN Miller obhajoval neleg\u00e1ln\u00ed invazi Trumpovy administrativy do Venezuely\u00a0<\/span><\/u><\/a>\u00a0, p\u0159i n\u00ed\u017e americk\u00e9 jednotky zabily v\u00edce ne\u017e 100 lid\u00ed a unesly mezin\u00e1rodn\u011b uzn\u00e1van\u00e9ho prezidenta Nicol\u00e1se Madura.<\/span><\/p>\n

Miller tvrdil, \u017ee glob\u00e1ln\u00ed politick\u00fd \u0159\u00e1d je zalo\u017een a m\u011bl by b\u00fdt i nad\u00e1le zalo\u017een na principu, \u017ee \u201epr\u00e1vo je to, co vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed moc\u201c. V rozhovoru s moder\u00e1torem CNN Jakem Tapperem uvedl n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed:<\/span><\/p>\n

STEPHEN MILLER\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0: Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty \u2013 a to je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed \u2013 Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty bez v\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed svou arm\u00e1du k zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed na\u0161ich z\u00e1jm\u016f na na\u0161\u00ed polokouli.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Jsme supervelmoc\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0. A pod prezidentem Trumpem\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>se budeme jako supervelmoc chovat\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Je absurdn\u00ed, \u017ee dovolujeme n\u00e1rodu v na\u0161em bezprost\u0159edn\u00edm sousedstv\u00ed, aby se stal dodavatelem zdroj\u016f pro na\u0161e protivn\u00edky, ale ne pro n\u00e1s; aby hromadil zbran\u011b od na\u0161ich protivn\u00edk\u016f; aby se mohl prezentovat jako zdroj proti Spojen\u00fdm st\u00e1t\u016fm, m\u00edsto aby jednal pro Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

JAKE TAPPER\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0: Nem\u011bly by si suver\u00e9nn\u00ed st\u00e1ty moci d\u011blat, co cht\u011bj\u00ed?<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

STEPHEN MILLER\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0: Monroeova doktr\u00edna a Trumpova doktr\u00edna se t\u00fdkaj\u00ed v\u00fdhradn\u011b ochrany n\u00e1rodn\u00edch z\u00e1jm\u016f Ameriky.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

\u2026<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Budoucnost svobodn\u00e9ho sv\u011bta z\u00e1vis\u00ed na tom,\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>zda se Amerika dok\u00e1\u017ee prosadit a prosadit sv\u00e9 z\u00e1jmy bez omluv<\/span><\/strong>.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Nejde jen o okrajov\u00e9 n\u00e1zory jednoho jednotlivce. Jde o imperialistickou ideologii, kterou otev\u0159en\u011b \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed vysoce postaven\u00ed \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edci americk\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy, v\u010detn\u011b Trumpa a Marca Rubia.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rubi\u016fv prokolonialistick\u00fd projev na Mnichovsk\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed konferenci v roce 2026\u00a0<\/span><\/u><\/a>\u00a0jasn\u011b uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee c\u00edlem americk\u00e9ho imp\u00e9ria je zvr\u00e1tit dekolonizaci druh\u00e9 poloviny 20. stolet\u00ed a vr\u00e1tit sv\u011bt do koloni\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00e9ry 19. a po\u010d\u00e1tku 20. stolet\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u010c\u00ednsk\u00e1 vize multipol\u00e1rn\u00edho sv\u011bta<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Model mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch vztah\u016f prosazovan\u00fd \u010c\u00ednou je modelem multipol\u00e1rn\u00edho sv\u011bta zalo\u017een\u00e9ho na multilateralismu, oboustrann\u011b v\u00fdhodn\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ci a respektov\u00e1n\u00ed suverenity v\u0161ech zem\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na mal\u00fdch zem\u00ed.<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u010c\u00ednsk\u00e1 lidov\u00e1 republika d\u016frazn\u011b odm\u00edt\u00e1 imperialismus a hegemonii, a to nejen z ideologick\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f, ale tak\u00e9 kv\u016fli sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed historii.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ve stolet\u00ed pon\u00ed\u017een\u00ed \u2013 od za\u010d\u00e1tku prvn\u00ed opiov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky Britsk\u00e9ho imp\u00e9ria v roce 1839 a\u017e do revoluce v roce 1949 \u2013 byla \u010c\u00edna \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b kolonizov\u00e1na \u0159adou z\u00e1padn\u00edch mocnost\u00ed a Japonskem. Evropsk\u00e9 koloni\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159\u00ed\u0161e, Japonsko a Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>napadly \u010c\u00ednu\u00a0<\/span><\/u><\/a>\u00a0, vyko\u0159is\u0165ovaly jej\u00ed pracovn\u00ed s\u00edlu a zdroje a dokonce si ovl\u00e1dly i \u010d\u00e1sti jej\u00edho \u00fazem\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Od sv\u00e9ho zalo\u017een\u00ed v roce 1949 d\u011bl\u00e1 \u010c\u00ednsk\u00e1 lidov\u00e1 republika v\u0161e, co je v jej\u00edch sil\u00e1ch, aby br\u00e1nila svou suverenitu a zajistila, aby se stolet\u00ed pon\u00ed\u017een\u00ed u\u017e nikdy neopakovalo.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tato historie v\u00fdznamn\u011b formuje politiku \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9ho ministerstva zahrani\u010d\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pekingsk\u00e1 vize pro sv\u011bt byla nast\u00edn\u011bna ve\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>sv\u00e9m projevu ministra zahrani\u010d\u00ed Wang I\u00a0<\/span><\/u><\/a>\u00a0na bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed konferenci v Mnichov\u011b v roce 2026.<\/span><\/p>\n

To byl p\u0159esn\u00fd opak Rubiov\u00fdch pozn\u00e1mek.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00e1sleduje \u00faryvek z Wangova projevu (v\u0161echna zv\u00fdrazn\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159id\u00e1na):<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed sc\u00e9na se v lo\u0148sk\u00e9m roce vyzna\u010dovala rostouc\u00edmi ot\u0159esy a turbulencemi, kdy\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>se nekontrolovan\u011b \u0161\u00ed\u0159il z\u00e1kon d\u017eungle a unilateralismus.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0Lidstvo se nach\u00e1z\u00ed na zlomu v boji za m\u00edr a rozvoj. V t\u00e9to souvislosti prezident Si \u0164in-pching navrhl\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>Iniciativu pro glob\u00e1ln\u00ed spr\u00e1vu v\u011bc\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch (GGI)\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0, kter\u00e1 vyz\u00fdv\u00e1 k dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>p\u011bti princip\u016f\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0: suver\u00e9nn\u00ed\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>rovnosti, pr\u00e1vn\u00edho st\u00e1tu v mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch z\u00e1le\u017eitostech, multilateralismu, p\u0159\u00edstupu zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9ho na lidi a konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch krok\u016f\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0ke spole\u010dn\u00e9mu\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>budov\u00e1n\u00ed spravedliv\u011bj\u0161\u00edho a rovnopr\u00e1vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho syst\u00e9mu glob\u00e1ln\u00ed spr\u00e1vy v\u011bc\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0. GGI, kter\u00e1 odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed progresivn\u00ed trend na\u0161\u00ed doby, p\u0159edstavuje nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00fd z\u00e1klad mezi n\u00e1rody sv\u011bta, a proto kr\u00e1tce po sv\u00e9m ozn\u00e1men\u00ed siln\u011b rezonovala v mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm spole\u010denstv\u00ed. D\u00e1v\u00e1 nov\u00fd impuls \u00fasil\u00ed o vytvo\u0159en\u00ed spole\u010denstv\u00ed se sd\u00edlenou budoucnost\u00ed pro lidstvo a poskytuje kompas pro obrovskou lo\u010f d\u011bjin, aby se mohla plavit bou\u0159emi sm\u011brem k sv\u011btlej\u0161\u00ed budoucnosti. Pot\u00e9, co jsme se dostali a\u017e sem, jednota by m\u011bla b\u00fdt nevyhnutelnou volbou. M\u011bli bychom reformovat a zlep\u0161it glob\u00e1ln\u00ed spr\u00e1vu v\u011bc\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch, abychom lo\u010f d\u011bjin nasm\u011brovali spr\u00e1vn\u00fdm sm\u011brem.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Revitalizace syst\u00e9mu Organizace spojen\u00fdch n\u00e1rod\u016f<\/strong>\u00a0je prioritou v r\u00e1mci reformy a zlep\u0161en\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00ed spr\u00e1vy v\u011bc\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch\u00a0 .<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Zalo\u017een\u00ed Organizace spojen\u00fdch n\u00e1rod\u016f bylo v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm v\u00fdsledkem v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed ve\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce,\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0historick\u00fdm rozhodnut\u00edm u\u010din\u011bn\u00fdm p\u0159edchoz\u00edmi generacemi po bolestn\u00e9m zamy\u0161len\u00ed nad minul\u00fdm utrpen\u00edm a m\u00edrov\u00fdm \u00fasil\u00edm, do kter\u00e9ho n\u00e1rody vlo\u017eily sv\u00e9 nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u00fasil\u00ed. Tuto budovu spole\u010dn\u011b vybudovaly n\u00e1rody sv\u011bta. Neseme plnou odpov\u011bdnost za jej\u00ed pos\u00edlen\u00ed a obnovu a nem\u00e1me pr\u00e1vo ji ni\u010dit ani strh\u00e1vat.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Organizace spojen\u00fdch n\u00e1rod\u016f nen\u00ed dokonal\u00e1, ale z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 nejkomplexn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a nejvlivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed mezivl\u00e1dn\u00ed organizac\u00ed na\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0sv\u011bt\u011b\u00a0 . Na platform\u011b OSN m\u00e1 ka\u017ed\u00e1 zem\u011b, bez ohledu na svou velikost nebo bohatstv\u00ed, hlas a pr\u00e1vo volit, stejn\u011b jako sv\u00e9 n\u00e1le\u017eit\u00e9 povinnosti a rovn\u00e1 pr\u00e1va\u00a0.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>Bez Organizace spojen\u00fdch n\u00e1rod\u016f by se sv\u011bt vr\u00e1til k z\u00e1kon\u016fm d\u017eungle, kde siln\u00ed vyko\u0159is\u0165uj\u00ed slab\u00e9<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0, a mnoho mal\u00fdch a st\u0159edn\u00edch zem\u00ed by ztratilo multilater\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1klad, kter\u00fd je tak z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pro jejich p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed a rozvoj.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Proto je pro n\u00e1s dnes nezbytn\u00e9 znovu potvrdit n\u00e1\u0161 z\u00e1vazek k zakl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00edmu posl\u00e1n\u00ed Organizace spojen\u00fdch n\u00e1rod\u016f, o\u017eivit v\u016fd\u010d\u00ed roli Organizace spojen\u00fdch n\u00e1rod\u016f, prosazovat c\u00edle Charty OSN a zv\u00fd\u0161it efektivitu a \u00fa\u010dinnost syst\u00e9mu OSN, aby se organizace mohla l\u00e9pe p\u0159izp\u016fsobit pot\u0159eb\u00e1m 21. stolet\u00ed a rozv\u00edjet novou vitalitu.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Kl\u00ed\u010dem k reform\u011b a zlep\u0161en\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00ed spr\u00e1vy v\u011bc\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch je spolupr\u00e1ce mezi v\u0161emi zem\u011bmi.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

D\u016fvodem selh\u00e1n\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu nen\u00ed samotn\u00e1 Organizace spojen\u00fdch n\u00e1rod\u016f, ale sp\u00ed\u0161e jednotliv\u00e9 zem\u011b,<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0kter\u00e9 zveli\u010duj\u00ed rozd\u00edly a neshody,\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>pova\u017euj\u00ed se za nad\u0159azen\u00e9 v\u0161em ostatn\u00edm, p\u0159i\u017eivuj\u00ed blokov\u00e9 konfrontace\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0a dokonce\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>se sna\u017e\u00ed o\u017eivit mentalitu studen\u00e9 v\u00e1lky<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0. To v\u0161e podkop\u00e1v\u00e1 z\u00e1klady d\u016fv\u011bry, zhor\u0161uje klima spolupr\u00e1ce a naru\u0161uje fungov\u00e1n\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch instituc\u00ed.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 naj\u00edt spole\u010dnou \u0159e\u010d, odlo\u017eit stranou rozd\u00edly a\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>usilovat o vz\u00e1jemn\u011b prosp\u011b\u0161nou spolupr\u00e1ci\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0. Sv\u011bt je rozmanit\u00fd. Je p\u0159irozen\u00e9, \u017ee se zem\u011b li\u0161\u00ed sv\u00fdmi soci\u00e1ln\u00edmi syst\u00e9my, histori\u00ed, kulturou, z\u00e1jmy a pot\u0159ebami. A pr\u00e1v\u011b tyto rozd\u00edly vy\u017eaduj\u00ed dialog a spolupr\u00e1ci.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>Nen\u00ed d\u016fvod, pro\u010d by se zem\u011b nemohly navz\u00e1jem respektovat a p\u0159isp\u00edvat k \u00fasp\u011bchu toho druh\u00e9ho\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0. Stejn\u011b jako se gentlemani chovaj\u00ed k sob\u011b s respektem, je harmonie mo\u017en\u00e1 i bez uniformity.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Pohled do historie ukazuje, \u017ee od v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed ve druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce a\u017e po p\u0159ekon\u00e1n\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00ed krize, od klimatick\u00e9 politiky a\u017e po boj proti terorismu \u2013 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd z t\u011bchto pokrok\u016f by nebyl mo\u017en\u00fd bez up\u0159\u00edmn\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ce zem\u00ed navzdory jejich rozd\u00edl\u016fm. V\u017edy bychom m\u011bli m\u00edt na pam\u011bti: pouze v jednot\u011b spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 s\u00edla a pouze v jednot\u011b nach\u00e1z\u00edme nad\u011bji.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

P\u0159i reform\u011b a zlep\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00ed spr\u00e1vy\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>by m\u011bl b\u00fdt v\u017edy zachov\u00e1n multilateralismus<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Monopolizace glob\u00e1ln\u00ed moci n\u011bkolika m\u00e1lo zem\u011bmi je nepopul\u00e1rn\u00ed\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\u017dijeme v multipol\u00e1rn\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b a mus\u00edme praktikovat skute\u010dn\u00fd multilateralismus\u00a0 .\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed vztahy<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed\u00a0 v\u00edce demokracie\u00a0\u00a0; o glob\u00e1ln\u00edch z\u00e1le\u017eitostech by m\u011bl diskutovat ka\u017ed\u00fd a budoucnost sv\u011bta by m\u011bl utv\u00e1\u0159et ka\u017ed\u00fd.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Mus\u00edme zajistit, aby v\u0161echny zem\u011b dodr\u017eovaly stejn\u00e1 pravidla\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0, tj. z\u00e1kladn\u00ed normy mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch vztah\u016f zalo\u017een\u00e9 na c\u00edlech a z\u00e1sad\u00e1ch Charty OSN.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>V\u0161echny zem\u011b by si m\u011bly<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0b\u00fdt rovny, pokud jde o jejich pr\u00e1va, p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti a pravidla, a v\u0161echny zem\u011b, zejm\u00e9na ty mal\u00e9 a st\u0159edn\u00ed, by m\u011bly b\u00fdt schopny naj\u00edt si sv\u00e9 m\u00edsto v mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch vztaz\u00edch a plnit v nich svou roli.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Aby se skute\u010dn\u011b zapojily do multilateralismu, m\u011bly by zejm\u00e9na velk\u00e9 zem\u011b j\u00edt p\u0159\u00edkladem. M\u011bly by se ujmout iniciativy a\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>up\u0159ednost\u0148ovat spolupr\u00e1ci p\u0159ed konfliktem nebo konfrontac\u00ed\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0. M\u011bly by se \u0159\u00eddit pravidly, m\u00edsto aby uplat\u0148ovaly dvoj\u00ed metr. M\u011bly by se ujmout iniciativy a\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>prosazovat rovnost, m\u00edsto aby vnucovaly svou v\u016fli ostatn\u00edm.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0M\u011bly by se ujmout iniciativy a podporovat otev\u0159enost, m\u00edsto aby se uchylovaly k sobeck\u00e9mu unilateralismu.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Glob\u00e1ln\u00ed Jih kolektivn\u011b z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 vliv<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0. Syst\u00e9m glob\u00e1ln\u00ed spr\u00e1vy se mus\u00ed tak\u00e9 p\u0159izp\u016fsobit, aby\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>dal v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed v\u00e1hu jejich hlas\u016fm a zastoupen\u00ed\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0. \u010cas uk\u00e1\u017ee: \u010d\u00edm demokrati\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed jsou mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed vztahy, t\u00edm m\u00edrov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je sv\u011bt; \u010d\u00edm siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je multilateralismus, t\u00edm efektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je glob\u00e1ln\u00ed spr\u00e1va.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ben Norton<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\n

Zdroj<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Druh\u00e1 studen\u00e1 v\u00e1lka zm\u011bnila glob\u00e1ln\u00ed syst\u00e9m a byla charakterizov\u00e1na konfliktem mezi dv\u011bma vizemi: USA cht\u011bly…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":95262,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,30,37,814],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/101577"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=101577"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/101577\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/95262"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=101577"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=101577"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=101577"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}