{"id":101487,"date":"2026-03-10T00:30:18","date_gmt":"2026-03-09T23:30:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=101487"},"modified":"2026-03-09T16:17:19","modified_gmt":"2026-03-09T15:17:19","slug":"od-alarmu-doby-ledove-v-70-letech-20-stoleti-po-krizi-co%e2%82%82-jak-se-zmenil-narativ-stredoveke-teple-obdobi-vs-klimaticka-panika","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/03\/10\/od-alarmu-doby-ledove-v-70-letech-20-stoleti-po-krizi-co%e2%82%82-jak-se-zmenil-narativ-stredoveke-teple-obdobi-vs-klimaticka-panika\/","title":{"rendered":"Od alarmu doby ledov\u00e9 v 70. letech 20. stolet\u00ed po krizi CO\u2082: Jak se zm\u011bnil narativ \u2013 St\u0159edov\u011bk\u00e9 tepl\u00e9 obdob\u00ed vs. klimatick\u00e1 panika"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Video p\u0159edstavuje skeptick\u00fd pohled na sou\u010dasnou diskusi o zm\u011bn\u011b klimatu. Tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee dramatick\u00e9 klimatick\u00e9 v\u00fdkyvy byly v minulosti norm\u00e1ln\u00ed a \u017ee dne\u0161n\u00ed trend oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed je prim\u00e1rn\u011b p\u0159irozen\u00fdm zotaven\u00edm z mal\u00e9 doby ledov\u00e9. Video se siln\u011b op\u00edr\u00e1 o prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed fyzika Williama Happera a kritizuje zobrazen\u00ed stabiln\u00edch teplot p\u0159ed industrializac\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na \u201ehokejkov\u00fd graf\u201c Michaela Manna.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span dir=\"auto\">Klimatick\u00e9 v\u00fdkyvy za posledn\u00edch 1000 let: Nic nov\u00e9ho?<\/span><\/h3>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"MAL\u00c1 DOBA LEDOV\u00c1: Zapomenut\u00e1 klimatick\u00e1 ud\u00e1lost (Freedom Research - n\u011bmecky)\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/6LKqGIRxGxs?feature=oembed\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Mnoho lid\u00ed vn\u00edm\u00e1 zm\u011bnu klimatu jako \u010dist\u011b modern\u00ed jev zp\u016fsoben\u00fd lidskou \u010dinnost\u00ed. Video v\u0161ak zd\u016fraz\u0148uje, \u017ee Zem\u011b za posledn\u00edch 1000 let pro\u0161la v\u00fdznamn\u00fdmi teplotn\u00edmi v\u00fdkyvy \u2013 bez vlivu fosiln\u00edch paliv.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Video se zam\u011b\u0159uje zejm\u00e9na na st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00e9 tepl\u00e9 obdob\u00ed (asi 950\u20131250 n. l.). B\u011bhem tohoto obdob\u00ed byly \u010d\u00e1sti Evropy, Islandu a Gr\u00f3nska v\u00fdrazn\u011b teplej\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e dnes. Vikingov\u00e9 mohli v Gr\u00f3nsku hospoda\u0159it, plodiny se da\u0159ilo a populace rostla. Video tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee tehdy bylo glob\u00e1ln\u011b tepleji ne\u017e dnes \u2013 toto tvrzen\u00ed podporuje i William Happer: \u201eV roce 1000 bylo mnohem tepleji ne\u017e dnes a t\u00e9to \u00farovn\u011b tepla jsme dosud znovu nedos\u00e1hli.\u201c<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 v\u011bdeck\u00e9 rekonstrukce (zalo\u017een\u00e9 na z\u00e1stupn\u00fdch datech, jako jsou letokruhy, ledov\u00e1 j\u00e1dra a sedimenty) v\u0161ak ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00e9 tepl\u00e9 obdob\u00ed bylo region\u00e1ln\u011b v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 \u2013 zejm\u00e9na v severn\u00edm Atlantiku \u2013 ale nebylo glob\u00e1ln\u011b synchronizovan\u00e9 a nebylo tak tepl\u00e9 jako sou\u010dasnost. Pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 glob\u00e1ln\u00ed teploty byly tehdy ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e dnes; sou\u010dasn\u00e9 oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed je ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b rekonstrukc\u00ed p\u0159evy\u0161uje, zejm\u00e9na od 80. let 20. stolet\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Po tepl\u00e9m obdob\u00ed n\u00e1sledovala mal\u00e1 doba ledov\u00e1 (cca 1300\u20131850), obdob\u00ed extr\u00e9mn\u00edho chladu, zejm\u00e9na v Evrop\u011b a Severn\u00ed Americe. Toto obdob\u00ed charakterizovaly drsn\u00e9 zimy, zamrzl\u00e9 \u0159eky (Tem\u017ee n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t zamrzla), postupuj\u00edc\u00ed ledovce a hladomory. Um\u011bleck\u00e1 vyobrazen\u00ed ukazuj\u00ed brusla\u0159e na zamrzl\u00fdch kan\u00e1lech. Video vn\u00edm\u00e1 sou\u010dasn\u00fd trend oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed jako p\u0159irozen\u00e9 zotaven\u00ed z tohoto chladn\u00e9ho obdob\u00ed od po\u010d\u00e1tku 19. stolet\u00ed \u2013 oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je pomal\u00e9 a ne dramatick\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Mal\u00e1 doba ledov\u00e1 tak\u00e9 nebyla glob\u00e1ln\u011b jednotnou ud\u00e1lost\u00ed, ale jej\u00ed intenzita se region\u00e1ln\u011b li\u0161ila; p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny spo\u010d\u00edvaly ve sn\u00ed\u017een\u00e9 slune\u010dn\u00ed aktivit\u011b, sope\u010dn\u00fdch erupc\u00edch a zm\u011bn\u00e1ch oce\u00e1nsk\u00fdch proud\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span dir=\"auto\">Od paniky z \u201enov\u00e9 doby ledov\u00e9\u201c k alarmu glob\u00e1ln\u00edho oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">V 70. letech 20. stolet\u00ed m\u00e9dia a n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed v\u011bdci varovali p\u0159ed ochlazovac\u00edm trendem a mo\u017enou novou dobou ledovou \u2013 na z\u00e1klad\u011b obdob\u00ed ochlazov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 za\u010dalo ve 40. letech 20. stolet\u00ed. Dominovaly titulky jako \u201eOchlazuj\u00edc\u00ed se sv\u011bt\u201c (Newsweek) nebo \u201eAmerick\u00fd v\u011bdec vid\u00ed p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed novou dobu ledovou\u201c. Video to stav\u00ed do kontrastu s dne\u0161n\u00edm narativem o vln\u00e1ch veder, povodn\u00edch a katastrof\u00e1ch.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Teze o \u201ekonsensu o glob\u00e1ln\u00edm ochlazov\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c ve skute\u010dnosti nebyla v 70. letech 20. stolet\u00ed v\u011bdeck\u00fdm mainstreamem, ale sp\u00ed\u0161e zveli\u010dov\u00e1na m\u00e9dii; v\u011bt\u0161ina publikac\u00ed se ji\u017e d\u0159\u00edve zab\u00fdvala sklen\u00edkov\u00fdm efektem zp\u016fsoben\u00fdm CO\u2082.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span dir=\"auto\">\u201eHokejka\u201c a kritika mainstreamov\u00e9ho narativu<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Zlomov\u00fdm bodem byl graf Michaela Manna (1998\/1999): uk\u00e1zal 1000 let relativn\u011b stabiln\u00edch teplot, po nich\u017e n\u00e1sledoval prudk\u00fd n\u00e1r\u016fst ve 20. stolet\u00ed \u2013 jako d\u016fkaz oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed vyvolan\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bkem. Tento graf byl prominentn\u011b uveden ve zpr\u00e1v\u011b IPCC z roku 2001 a ovlivnil u\u010debnice a m\u00e9dia.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Ve videu je ozna\u010den za \u201efale\u0161n\u00e9ho\u201c a obvi\u0148ov\u00e1n z \u201evymaz\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00e9ho tepl\u00e9ho obdob\u00ed a mal\u00e9 doby ledov\u00e9. Happer kritizuje skute\u010dnost, \u017ee star\u0161\u00ed m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed teplot v Evrop\u011b neukazuj\u00ed tak dramatick\u00fd n\u00e1r\u016fst.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Hokejov\u00fd graf byl kontroverzn\u00ed a jeho statistick\u00e9 metody byly kritizov\u00e1ny (nap\u0159. McIntyrem a McKitrickem). N\u011bkolik nez\u00e1visl\u00fdch studi\u00ed (v\u010detn\u011b studie N\u00e1rodn\u00ed akademie v\u011bd z roku 2006) v\u0161ak potvrdilo jeho hlavn\u00ed poselstv\u00ed: konec 20. stolet\u00ed byl pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b nejteplej\u0161\u00edm obdob\u00edm na severn\u00ed polokouli za v\u00edce ne\u017e 1000 let. Nov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed rekonstrukce toto tvrzen\u00ed do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry podporuj\u00ed, a to navzdory d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00edm debat\u00e1m.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span dir=\"auto\">Alarmismus, v\u011bda a politika<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Video tak\u00e9 ukazuje p\u0159es 1 000 v\u011bdc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed pop\u0159eli klimatickou katastrofu a CO\u2082 jako jedin\u00fd jej\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinn\u00fd faktor. Kritizuje nedostatek debaty: kritici jsou hanobeni jako \u201epop\u00edra\u010di\u201c. Politici zneu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed probl\u00e9m k z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed moci, proto\u017ee je obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 jej definovat a je mor\u00e1ln\u011b zat\u00ed\u017een\u00fd.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">William Happer, emeritn\u00ed profesor fyziky na Princetonsk\u00e9 univerzit\u011b, pova\u017euje klimatick\u00e9 v\u00fdkyvy za norm\u00e1ln\u00ed a zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 hladiny CO\u2082 za do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry ne\u0161kodn\u00e9 nebo dokonce prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 (nap\u0159. pro r\u016fst rostlin). Tento n\u00e1zor je v rozporu s v\u011bdeck\u00fdm konsensem (IPCC), kter\u00fd klasifikuje antropogenn\u00ed oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed jako dominantn\u00ed a rizikov\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span dir=\"auto\">Shrnut\u00ed<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Stru\u010dn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, video p\u0159edstavuje protich\u016fdn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh: zm\u011bna klimatu je p\u0159irozen\u00e1, alarmismus je p\u0159ehnan\u00fd a debata je potla\u010dena. Zat\u00edmco historick\u00e9 v\u00fdkyvy jsou skute\u010dn\u00e9, sou\u010dasn\u00e9 v\u011bdeck\u00e9 poznatky zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed, \u017ee sou\u010dasn\u00e9 glob\u00e1ln\u00ed oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed je co do rychlosti, rozsahu a p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny (p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm antropogenn\u00ed CO\u2082) bezprecedentn\u00ed \u2013 a daleko p\u0159evy\u0161uje minulou p\u0159irozenou variabilitu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1185\" src=\"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/kuryr-podpis.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"84\" height=\"24\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Video p\u0159edstavuje skeptick\u00fd pohled na sou\u010dasnou diskusi o zm\u011bn\u011b klimatu. Tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee dramatick\u00e9 klimatick\u00e9 v\u00fdkyvy&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":90421,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[3434,2692,873,1561],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/101487"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=101487"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/101487\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/90421"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=101487"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=101487"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=101487"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}