{"id":101430,"date":"2026-03-09T06:28:38","date_gmt":"2026-03-09T05:28:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=101430"},"modified":"2026-03-09T06:28:50","modified_gmt":"2026-03-09T05:28:50","slug":"proc-je-iran-bezbranny-proti-americkym-letadlovym-lodim","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/03\/09\/proc-je-iran-bezbranny-proti-americkym-letadlovym-lodim\/","title":{"rendered":"Pro\u010d je \u00cdr\u00e1n bezbrann\u00fd proti americk\u00fdm letadlov\u00fdm lod\u00edm"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

\u00cdr\u00e1nsk\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159ady ozn\u00e1mily raketov\u00fd \u00fatok na americkou letadlovou lo\u010f v Om\u00e1nsk\u00e9m z\u00e1livu. Tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee \u201epo \u00fatoku lo\u010f rychle zmizela v\u00edce ne\u017e tis\u00edc kilometr\u016f od z\u00e1livu\u201c. \u00cdr\u00e1n tak tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee pro americkou letadlovou lo\u010f p\u0159edstavoval v\u00e1\u017enou hrozbu. Je to ale skute\u010dn\u011b pravda?<\/span><\/h4>\n

V prvn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee letadlov\u00e1 lo\u010f nen\u00ed jen lo\u010f, ale skute\u010dn\u00e1 plovouc\u00ed pevnost. Plovouc\u00ed leti\u0161t\u011b je nejen schopn\u00e9 sebeobrany, ale je tak\u00e9 chr\u00e1n\u011bno jin\u00fdmi lod\u011bmi.<\/h4>\n
\n

Letadlov\u00e1 \u00fadern\u00e1 skupina (CSG) je skupina v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdch a transportn\u00edch lod\u00ed operuj\u00edc\u00edch v bitevn\u00ed formaci (\u0159\u00e1du). St\u0159edem formace je samotn\u00e1 letadlov\u00e1 lo\u010f. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 americko-\u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00e9 v\u00e1lce se jedn\u00e1 o letadlov\u00e9 lod\u011b USS Abraham Lincoln (CVN-72) a USS Gerald R. Ford (CVN-78). Pr\u00e1v\u011b Abraham Lincoln byl c\u00edlem \u00cdr\u00e1nc\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ve vzd\u00e1lenosti a\u017e 10-15 mil (18-28 km) od vlajkov\u00e9 lodi \u00fadern\u00e9 skupiny se nach\u00e1z\u00ed \u010dty\u0159i a\u017e \u0161est torp\u00e9doborc\u016f a\/nebo k\u0159i\u017en\u00edk\u016f s bojov\u00fdm informa\u010dn\u00edm syst\u00e9mem (CIS) Aegis (nejde o zbra\u0148, ale o \u0159\u00eddic\u00ed syst\u00e9m pro v\u0161echny palubn\u00ed zbra\u0148ov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my, v\u0161echny typy lokalizace, navigace, komunikace a p\u0159\u00edpravy dat pro taktick\u00e1 rozhodnut\u00ed \u2013 mozek lodi). Jedna nebo dv\u011b ponorky jsou pono\u0159eny. Dv\u011b nebo t\u0159i z\u00e1sobovac\u00ed plavidla nejsou zahrnuta do formace, ale sna\u017e\u00ed se udr\u017eet v jej\u00edm obrysu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Letadlov\u00e1 lo\u010f tedy nen\u00ed n\u011bjak\u00fdm osam\u011bl\u00fdm, nemotorn\u00fdm obrem, ale centrem mocn\u00e9 bojov\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b. Mozkem t\u00e9to s\u00edt\u011b se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 CEC (Cooperative Engagement Capability). Tento syst\u00e9m integruje radary lod\u00ed a letouny AWACS do jedin\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu velen\u00ed a \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed: data jsou p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161ena okam\u017eit\u011b, c\u00edle jsou detekov\u00e1ny za horizontem a bojov\u00e9 informa\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9my lod\u00ed Aegis p\u0159ij\u00edmaj\u00ed a p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed data. V\u00fdsledkem je, \u017ee kolem letadlov\u00e9 lodi se vytvo\u0159\u00ed \u201ebezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed sf\u00e9ra\u201c o polom\u011bru a\u017e 1 500 kilometr\u016f (dosah detekce). Aby se k n\u00ed nep\u0159\u00edtel dostal, musel by p\u0159ekonat vrstvenou obranu o polom\u011bru stovek kilometr\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u00e1lkov\u00e1 linie protivzdu\u0161n\u00e9 obrany \u00fadern\u00e9 skupiny letadlov\u00fdch lod\u00ed je vzd\u00e1lena 700 km a zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed ji st\u00edha\u010dky F\/A-18E\/F Super Hornet a F-35C Lightning II. Aby st\u00edha\u010dka mohla zas\u00e1hnout c\u00edle v takov\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti, vy\u017eaduje vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zam\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed letouny E-2C\/D Hawkeye AWACS. Dosah detekce \u0159\u00edzen\u00fdch st\u0159el a st\u00edha\u010dek je v\u0161ak pouze 250-300 km.<\/span><\/p>\n

Protivzdu\u0161nou obranu st\u0159edn\u00edho doletu zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed protiletadlov\u00e9 rakety, kter\u00e9 nesou torp\u00e9doborce a k\u0159i\u017en\u00edky vybaven\u00e9 syst\u00e9mem Aegis. Nejmodern\u011bj\u0161\u00ed st\u0159ely zem\u011b-vzduch (SAM) SM-6 maj\u00ed dolet a\u017e 240 km proti c\u00edl\u016fm ve vysok\u00fdch nadmo\u0159sk\u00fdch v\u00fd\u0161k\u00e1ch. St\u0159ely ESSM jsou tak\u00e9 pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za st\u0159ely st\u0159edn\u00edho doletu SAM s maxim\u00e1ln\u00edm doletem 50 km. Raketa SM-3 je navr\u017eena k zachycen\u00ed balistick\u00fdch c\u00edl\u016f. I na americk\u00e9 pom\u011bry je neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u011b drah\u00e1 \u2013 18 milion\u016f dolar\u016f \u2013 ale pr\u00e1v\u011b tato st\u0159ela je nezbytn\u00e1 k ochran\u011b lod\u00ed tohoto \u0159\u00e1du p\u0159ed \u00fatoky hypersonick\u00fdch raket.<\/span><\/p>\n

Samotn\u00e9 letadlov\u00e9 lod\u011b nemaj\u00ed dostatek prostoru pro vertik\u00e1ln\u00ed odpalovac\u00ed syst\u00e9m, tak\u017ee jsou omezeny na rakety RIM-7 Sea Sparrow s krat\u0161\u00edm doletem (s doletem 30 km) a dva syst\u00e9my RIM-116 s kr\u00e1tk\u00fdm doletem a doletem 10 km. V\u0161echny lod\u011b ve skupin\u011b letadlov\u00fdch lod\u00ed nesou tak\u00e9 kan\u00f3ny Phalanx, zalo\u017een\u00e9 na 20mm \u0161estihlav\u0148ov\u00e9m kan\u00f3nu Vulcan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Protiponorkov\u00e1 obrana je tak\u00e9 postavena na principu echelonov\u00e1n\u00ed sil a prost\u0159edk\u016f \u2013 s p\u0159ekr\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edmi se z\u00f3nami detekce a ni\u010den\u00ed v r\u016fzn\u00fdch vzd\u00e1lenostech.<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Jeho protiponorkov\u00fd boj na dlouh\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed vrtuln\u00edky MH-60R Seahawk, kter\u00e9 operuj\u00ed ve vzd\u00e1lenosti a\u017e 185 km od letadlov\u00e9 lodi. Jejich taktika se to\u010d\u00ed kolem \u201eos\u00e9v\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c velk\u00fdch ploch sonob\u00f3jemi, shroma\u017e\u010fov\u00e1n\u00ed a zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed informac\u00ed, kter\u00e9 generuj\u00ed. Pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed tak\u00e9 radarov\u00e9 stanice k vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed periskop\u016f ponorek.<\/span><\/p>\n

Protiponorkov\u00e9 hl\u00eddkov\u00e9 letouny P-8A Poseidon, kter\u00e9 jsou um\u00edst\u011bny na pozemn\u00edch leti\u0161t\u00edch, mohou tak\u00e9 pom\u00e1hat vrtuln\u00edk\u016fm na velk\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti. Ponorka pohybuj\u00edc\u00ed se v mal\u00fdch hloubk\u00e1ch (a\u017e 100 metr\u016f) vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed nad sebou oblast zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9ho tlaku, kter\u00e1 zp\u016fsobuje vyboulen\u00ed na vodn\u00ed hladin\u011b, neviditeln\u00e9 pro pozorovatele, ale detekovateln\u00e9 radarem hl\u00eddkov\u00e9ho letounu. P\u0159\u00edstroje namontovan\u00e9 na letadle dok\u00e1\u017e\u00ed tyto charakteristiky vyu\u017e\u00edt k detekci ponorek na vzd\u00e1lenost 100\u2013120 km.<\/span><\/p>\n

St\u0159edn\u00ed dosah, 75\u2013165 km pod\u00e9l kurzu formace, udr\u017euj\u00ed v\u00edce\u00fa\u010delov\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 ponorky. Jsou vybaveny v\u00fdkonn\u00fdmi aktivn\u00edmi a citliv\u00fdmi pasivn\u00edmi sonarov\u00fdmi syst\u00e9my, stejn\u011b jako ta\u017een\u00fdmi pasivn\u00edmi sonarov\u00fdmi syst\u00e9my ve form\u011b kabel\u016f (ant\u00e9nn\u00ed soustavy dlouh\u00e9 n\u011bkolik kilometr\u016f). Bl\u00edzk\u00fd dosah (a\u017e 75 km) tvo\u0159\u00ed samotn\u00e9 lod\u011b formace \u2013 torp\u00e9doborce Arleigh Burke, k\u0159i\u017en\u00edky Ticonderoga a vrtuln\u00edky.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00datoky na ponorky se prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed pomoc\u00ed protilodkov\u00fdch torp\u00e9d Mk.46\/48\/54 odpalovan\u00fdch z vrtuln\u00edk\u016f nebo lod\u00ed, a tak\u00e9 protilodkov\u00fdch st\u0159el ASROC-VL (ASR-VL) odpalovan\u00fdch z vertik\u00e1ln\u00edch odpalovac\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f Mk.41. Ty let\u00ed po balistick\u00e9 trajektorii do oblasti detekce ponorky, vstupuj\u00ed do vody, provedou nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 soust\u0159edn\u00e9 vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a zni\u010d\u00ed ponorku na vzd\u00e1lenost a\u017e 28 km.<\/span><\/p>\n

Krom\u011b obrann\u00fdch zbra\u0148ov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f je v\u0161ak letadlov\u00e1 lo\u010f vybavena i zna\u010dnou struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed ochranou. Pevnost a bezpe\u010dnost trupu lodi je zaji\u0161t\u011bna promy\u0161lenou konstrukc\u00ed, kter\u00e1 vych\u00e1z\u00ed z des\u00edtek let zku\u0161enost\u00ed s konstrukc\u00ed, provozem a bojov\u00fdm nasazen\u00edm letadlov\u00fdch lod\u00ed.<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Dvojit\u00e9 dno po cel\u00e9 d\u00e9lce chr\u00e1n\u00ed plavidlo p\u0159i najet\u00ed na m\u011bl\u010dinu a \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b absorbuje energii podvodn\u00edch exploz\u00ed. Vodot\u011bsn\u00e9 p\u0159ep\u00e1\u017eky od k\u00fdlu a\u017e po pilotn\u00ed palubu d\u011bl\u00ed trup na n\u011bkolik des\u00edtek odd\u00edl\u016f. Po cel\u00e9 d\u00e9lce trupu se t\u00e1hnou dva siln\u00e9 nosn\u00e9 nosn\u00edky.<\/span><\/p>\n

Boky lodi jsou oblo\u017eeny speci\u00e1ln\u00edmi ochrann\u00fdmi p\u0159ihr\u00e1dkami zvan\u00fdmi kesony. Jsou bu\u010f pr\u00e1zdn\u00e9, nebo se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed k ulo\u017een\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f. Pln\u00ed t\u0159i d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 funkce: absorbuj\u00ed energii v\u00fdbuchu, nap\u0159\u00edklad torp\u00e9da, zabra\u0148uj\u00ed \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed ohn\u011b a vody do lodi v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b poru\u0161en\u00ed a zm\u00edr\u0148uj\u00ed n\u00e1raz hydraulick\u00e9 r\u00e1zov\u00e9 vlny, pokud dojde k v\u00fdbuchu v bl\u00edzkosti pod vodou. K tomuto \u00fa\u010delu slou\u017e\u00ed i palivov\u00e9 n\u00e1dr\u017ee um\u00edst\u011bn\u00e9 po boc\u00edch.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ameri\u010dan\u00e9 maj\u00ed v\u00fdhradn\u011b jadern\u00e9 letadlov\u00e9 lod\u011b. Samotn\u00e9 reaktory jsou vysoce spolehliv\u00e9 a nikdy na nich nedo\u0161lo k \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fdm radia\u010dn\u00edm incident\u016fm. Reaktory jsou um\u00edst\u011bny hluboko v trupu, v nejv\u00edce chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 oblasti, obklopeny siln\u00fdm biologick\u00fdm \u0161t\u00edtem. Nosn\u00e1 lo\u010f m\u00e1 nav\u00edc v\u0161e pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 k boji proti po\u0161kozen\u00ed: v\u00fdkonn\u00e1 vodn\u00ed \u010derpadla, protipo\u017e\u00e1rn\u00ed syst\u00e9my v prostorech a na pilotn\u00ed palub\u011b, extern\u00ed post\u0159ikovac\u00ed syst\u00e9m pro dekontaminaci a odplyn\u011bn\u00ed, d\u00e1lkov\u011b ovl\u00e1dan\u00e9 energetick\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny a tak d\u00e1le.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jak se d\u00e1 zni\u010dit letadlov\u00e1 lo\u010f?<\/span><\/h2>\n

B\u011bhem druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky bylo v Pacifiku ztraceno 19 japonsk\u00fdch a 11 americk\u00fdch letadlov\u00fdch lod\u00ed, a to i z nebojov\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f. N\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed letectvo se ji\u017e stalo prim\u00e1rn\u00ed zbran\u00ed proti letadlov\u00fdm lod\u00edm \u2013 a tak\u00e9 proti v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdm lod\u00edm obecn\u011b. Od roku 1945 do sou\u010dasnosti v\u0161ak nebyla v boji ztracena ani jedna letadlov\u00e1 lo\u010f, a\u010dkoli se vyskytly p\u0159\u00edpady rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9ho po\u0161kozen\u00ed v d\u016fsledku nehod nebo katastrof zp\u016fsoben\u00fdch \u010dlov\u011bkem.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u011bhem studen\u00e9 v\u00e1lky si pouze Sov\u011btsk\u00fd svaz mohl dovolit vyvinout taktiku protiletadlov\u00e9 lodi a pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 zbran\u011b. Sov\u011btsk\u00e9 n\u00e1mo\u0159nictvo m\u011blo k\u0159i\u017en\u00edky s \u0159\u00edzen\u00fdmi st\u0159elami t\u0159\u00eddy Atlant speci\u00e1ln\u011b ur\u010den\u00e9 pro tento \u00fa\u010del, z nich\u017e ka\u017ed\u00fd nesl 16 t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdch protilodn\u00edch st\u0159el P-500 Bazalt. Jadern\u00e9\u00a0<\/span>k\u0159i\u017en\u00edky t\u0159\u00eddy\u00a0<\/span><\/a>Orlan projektu<\/span><\/a>\u00a01144 nesly ka\u017ed\u00fd 20 protilodn\u00edch st\u0159el P-700 Granit. Pro \u00fadern\u00e9 skupiny proti letadlov\u00fdm lod\u00edm byly vyvinuty tak\u00e9 ponorky t\u0159\u00eddy Antej projekt\u016f 949 a 949A, z nich\u017e ka\u017ed\u00e1 nesla 24 raket Granit.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rakety Granit byly prvn\u00edmi zbran\u011bmi na sv\u011bt\u011b schopn\u00fdmi rojen\u00ed \u2013 v sov\u011btsk\u00fdch dob\u00e1ch zn\u00e1m\u00fdmi jako taktika \u201evl\u010d\u00ed sme\u010dky\u201c. Jedna st\u0159ela v salv\u011b stoupala do v\u00fd\u0161ky 7\u201310 km a fungovala jako \u201evedouc\u00ed\u201c, prov\u00e1d\u011bla pr\u016fzkum a rozd\u011blovala c\u00edle ostatn\u00edm, let\u011bla v extr\u00e9mn\u011b n\u00edzk\u00fdch v\u00fd\u0161k\u00e1ch a rychlost\u00ed p\u0159esahuj\u00edc\u00ed rychlost zvuku. D\u00edky t\u00e9to schopnosti \u201evedouc\u00ed\u201c mohla b\u00fdt cel\u00e1 \u201esme\u010dka\u201c odp\u00e1lena zhruba v bl\u00edzkosti skupiny nesouc\u00ed letadlov\u00e9 lodi bez p\u0159esn\u00e9ho ur\u010den\u00ed c\u00edle. Pokud byla sest\u0159elena \u0159\u00edzen\u00e1 st\u0159ela, jin\u00e1 okam\u017eit\u011b zaujala jej\u00ed m\u00edsto a p\u0159evzala jej\u00ed funkce. V\u011b\u0159ilo se, \u017ee k potopen\u00ed letadlov\u00e9 lodi je pot\u0159eba 10\u201312 takov\u00fdch protilodn\u00edch st\u0159el. S jadernou hlavic\u00ed by samoz\u0159ejm\u011b sta\u010dila i jedna (pokud by dos\u00e1hla sv\u00e9ho c\u00edle).<\/span><\/p>\n

Jedn\u00edm z probl\u00e9m\u016f bylo, \u017ee se raketov\u00e9 ponorky musely p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eit ke skupin\u00e1m nesouc\u00edm palubn\u00ed lod\u011b na dost\u0159el. I v sov\u011btsk\u00fdch dob\u00e1ch to bylo pova\u017eov\u00e1no za t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nemo\u017en\u00fd \u00fakol.<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Krom\u011b toho m\u011bl SSSR siln\u00e9 n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed raketov\u00e9 letectvo (NMA), vybaven\u00e9 p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b des\u00edtkami nosi\u010d\u016f raket dlouh\u00e9ho doletu Tu-16 (pozd\u011bji varianty Tu-22). To byla v t\u00e9 dob\u011b hlavn\u00ed hrozba pro americk\u00e9 letadlov\u00e9 lod\u011b. Tu-16 byly vyzbrojeny raketami KSR-5 a K-10, v\u010detn\u011b t\u011bch s jadern\u00fdmi zbran\u011bmi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hlavn\u00edm probl\u00e9mem raketov\u00fdch zbran\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch na mo\u0159i \u2013 jak v sov\u011btsk\u00e9 \u00e9\u0159e, tak i dnes \u2013 je v\u0161ak p\u0159esn\u00e9 zam\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed c\u00edl\u016f. Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee letadlov\u00e1 lo\u010f nen\u00ed stacion\u00e1rn\u00ed c\u00edl, ale neust\u00e1le se pohybuj\u00edc\u00ed, a proto je imunn\u00ed v\u016f\u010di balistick\u00fdm raket\u00e1m, a to i t\u011bm, kter\u00e9 jsou vyzbrojeny jadern\u00fdmi hlavicemi. V dan\u00e9m okam\u017eiku se \u00fadern\u00e1 skupina letadlov\u00fdch lod\u00ed nach\u00e1z\u00ed na jin\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b. Pro detekci \u00fadern\u00fdch skupin letadlov\u00fdch lod\u00ed v oce\u00e1nu a zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed zam\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed c\u00edl\u016f pro raketovou salvu pou\u017e\u00edval Sov\u011btsk\u00fd svaz jak specializovanou vesm\u00edrnou skupinu, tak i pr\u016fzkumn\u00e9 letouny dlouh\u00e9ho doletu. Ale i tehdy se v\u011b\u0159ilo, \u017ee pluky MRA jsou v nejlep\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b schopny letadlovou lo\u010f nepotopit, ale pouze ji vy\u0159adit z provozu, a to za cenu zna\u010dn\u00fdch ztr\u00e1t.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u010c\u00edna a Indie dnes disponuj\u00ed silami schopn\u00fdmi do ur\u010dit\u00e9 m\u00edry bojovat proti americk\u00fdm \u00fadern\u00fdm skupin\u00e1m. \u00cdr\u00e1n v\u0161ak nem\u00e1 ani jadernou \u00fadernou skupinu, ani ponorkovou flotilu, ani zam\u011b\u0159ovac\u00ed schopnosti, ani odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed raketov\u00e9 zbran\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zranitelnosti letadlov\u00fdch lod\u00ed<\/span><\/h2>\n

Letadlov\u00e9 lod\u011b maj\u00ed samoz\u0159ejm\u011b i sv\u00e9 slabiny. V prvn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b je lo\u010f t\u00e9to velikosti a ur\u010den\u00ed masivn\u00ed koncentrac\u00ed v\u00fdkonn\u00fdch zdroj\u016f elektrick\u00e9 energie, z\u00e1sob paliva a munice a r\u016fzn\u00fdch mechanism\u016f, co\u017e vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed napjatou technickou situaci hrani\u010d\u00edc\u00ed s nehodami a po\u017e\u00e1ry i bez nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1sahu. Historie zn\u00e1 technologick\u00e9 poruchy letadlov\u00fdch lod\u00ed, kter\u00e9 vedly ke katastrof\u00e1ln\u00edm n\u00e1sledk\u016fm.<\/span><\/p>\n

Letadlov\u00e1 lo\u010f je kriticky z\u00e1visl\u00e1 na z\u00e1sobov\u00e1n\u00ed. Samotn\u00e9 plovouc\u00ed leti\u0161t\u011b a jeho doprovod spot\u0159ebov\u00e1vaj\u00ed obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed paliva, munice, j\u00eddla a n\u00e1hradn\u00edch d\u00edl\u016f. Stovka letadel a t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 p\u011bt tis\u00edc lid\u00ed neust\u00e1le n\u011bco pot\u0159ebuje. Bez pravideln\u00fdch z\u00e1sob jejich bojov\u00e1 \u00fa\u010dinnost rychle kles\u00e1. Jednou t\u00fddn\u011b mus\u00ed k lodi p\u0159ist\u00e1t z\u00e1sobovac\u00ed lo\u010f, aby dovezla j\u00eddlo a vodu. Po ka\u017ed\u00e9m v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm boji je nutn\u00e9 nal\u00e9hav\u011b doplnit raketov\u00e9 z\u00e1sobn\u00edky a pravideln\u011b dopl\u0148ovat palivo \u2013 a to se rovn\u00e1 tis\u00edc\u016fm tun m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pokud je pot\u0159eba t\u011b\u017ek\u00fd n\u00e1klad, mus\u00ed formace opustit bojovou z\u00f3nu a reorganizovat se do formace pro dopl\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed paliva a z\u00e1sobov\u00e1n\u00ed. V tomto okam\u017eiku je zraniteln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u016f\u010di nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9mu \u00fatoku. Mimochodem, pr\u00e1v\u011b v tomto okam\u017eiku \u00cdr\u00e1nci\u00a0<\/span>zas\u00e1hli<\/span><\/a>\u00a0Abraham Lincoln. Stoj\u00ed v\u0161ak za zm\u00ednku, \u017ee i \u00cdr\u00e1n\u00a0<\/span>tvrd\u00ed,<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u017ee zah\u00e1jil \u00fader \u010dty\u0159mi \u0159\u00edzen\u00fdmi st\u0159elami \u2013 ale aby by\u0165 jen jedna raketa dos\u00e1hla letadlov\u00e9 lodi, musely by jich v salv\u011b b\u00fdt des\u00edtky, ne-li stovky.<\/span><\/p>\n

* * *<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Dnes se rovnov\u00e1ha sil, a to i na mo\u0159i, rychle m\u011bn\u00ed. Objevuj\u00ed se nov\u00e9 typy zbran\u00ed \u2013 hypersonick\u00e9 st\u0159ely s plochou dr\u00e1hou letu (jako\u00a0<\/span>Onyx<\/span><\/a>\u00a0a\u00a0<\/span>Zircon<\/span><\/a>\u00a0), balistick\u00e9 protilodn\u00ed st\u0159ely (\u010d\u00ednsk\u00e1 DF-21D), drony a bezpilotn\u00ed \u010dluny. Prozat\u00edm v\u0161ak letadlov\u00e1 lo\u010f z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 symbolem n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed s\u00edly \u2013 komplexn\u00edm, drah\u00fdm, ale pozoruhodn\u011b odoln\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem schopn\u00fdm odrazit a odolat \u00fatok\u016fm, kter\u00e9 by potopily jakoukoli jinou lo\u010f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nen\u00ed divu, \u017ee za t\u011bchto okolnost\u00ed USA\u00a0<\/span>vys\u00edlaj\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0na Bl\u00edzk\u00fd v\u00fdchod t\u0159et\u00ed \u00fadernou skupinu letadlov\u00fdch lod\u00ed. T\u0159em americk\u00fdm \u00fadern\u00fdm skupin\u00e1m letadlov\u00fdch lod\u00ed maj\u00ed pom\u00e1hat\u00a0<\/span>francouzsk\u00e9<\/span><\/a>\u00a0a\u00a0<\/span>britsk\u00e9<\/span><\/a>\u00a0letadlov\u00e9 lod\u011b. Pentagon je p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den, \u017ee \u00fadery letadlov\u00fdch lod\u00ed nakonec p\u0159inesou USA v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed nad \u00cdr\u00e1nem \u2013 a samotn\u00e9 letadlov\u00e9 lod\u011b, navzdory ve\u0161ker\u00e9mu \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00e9mu \u00fasil\u00ed, z\u016fstanou nezraniteln\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

Igor Garnov<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00cdr\u00e1nsk\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159ady ozn\u00e1mily raketov\u00fd \u00fatok na americkou letadlovou lo\u010f v Om\u00e1nsk\u00e9m z\u00e1livu. Tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee \u201epo…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":101431,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,38,6066,37],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/101430"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=101430"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/101430\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/101431"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=101430"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=101430"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=101430"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}