{"id":10141,"date":"2022-05-01T11:36:59","date_gmt":"2022-05-01T09:36:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=10141"},"modified":"2022-05-01T11:36:59","modified_gmt":"2022-05-01T09:36:59","slug":"susan-bonath-prvni-maj-a-zkrocena-delnicka-trida","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2022\/05\/01\/susan-bonath-prvni-maj-a-zkrocena-delnicka-trida\/","title":{"rendered":"Susan Bonath: Prvn\u00ed m\u00e1j a zkrocen\u00e1 d\u011blnick\u00e1 t\u0159\u00edda"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

Kdy\u017e odbory a strany v ned\u011bli postav\u00ed sv\u00e9 st\u00e1nky, m\u00e1vaj\u00ed \u010derven\u00fdmi bal\u00f3nky a vlajkami IG Metall a pron\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159iv\u00e9 projevy za lep\u0161\u00ed pracovn\u00ed podm\u00ednky, a kdy\u017e Kreuzbergem pochoduj\u00ed demonstranti s \u010dern\u00fdmi vlajkami, je tu znovu: 1. m\u00e1j tam. Ale den boje d\u011blnick\u00e9 t\u0159\u00eddy u\u017e nen\u00ed to, co b\u00fdval.\u00a0Doba se zm\u011bnila a zm\u011bnila se i bur\u017eoazie, d\u011blnick\u00e1 t\u0159\u00edda a odbory.\u00a0Pro mnoh\u00e9 je den vn\u00edm\u00e1n jako pouh\u00e1 ud\u00e1lost, existence t\u0159\u00eddn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti ustoupila do pozad\u00ed \u2013 fat\u00e1ln\u00ed omyl.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u0159\u00eddn\u00ed spole\u010dnost existuje<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

1. kv\u011bten 1856 je d\u00e1vno.\u00a0Tehdy legie utla\u010dovan\u00fdch d\u011bln\u00edk\u016f v Austr\u00e1lii poprv\u00e9 demonstrovaly b\u011bhem osmihodinov\u00e9ho dne.\u00a0O t\u0159icet let pozd\u011bji ud\u011blalo d\u011blnick\u00e9 hnut\u00ed v Severn\u00ed Americe tot\u00e9\u017e.\u00a0Masov\u00fdmi st\u00e1vkami paralyzovali tov\u00e1rny, bur\u017eoazie reagovala bou\u0159liv\u011b \u2013 do\u0161lo k \u00famrt\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dnes je osmihodinovka \u2013 samoz\u0159ejm\u011b a\u017e na v\u00fdjimky \u2013 v z\u00e1kon\u011b.\u00a0Odborov\u00ed \u0161\u00e9fov\u00e9 v p\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00fdch rozhovorech bojuj\u00ed se zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00edm mezd z firem ka\u017ed\u00fdch p\u00e1r let o dv\u011b nebo p\u011bt procent, co\u017e sotva vyrovn\u00e1v\u00e1 inflaci, a \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed tomu soci\u00e1ln\u00ed partnerstv\u00ed.\u00a0Pracovn\u00ed spory podl\u00e9haj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsn\u00fdm pravidl\u016fm o pr\u00e1vu na st\u00e1vku \u2013 n\u011bmeck\u00fd z\u00e1konod\u00e1rce gener\u00e1ln\u00ed st\u00e1vky zak\u00e1zal \u00fapln\u011b.\u00a0Slovo \u201et\u0159\u00eddn\u00ed boj\u201c je odsuzov\u00e1no, n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed jej pova\u017euj\u00ed za bl\u00e1boly z p\u0159edv\u010derej\u0161ka.\u00a0A stejn\u011b se \u010dasto \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee proletari\u00e1t u\u017e neexistuje.<\/span><\/p>\n

A to je probl\u00e9m.\u00a0Proto\u017ee existuje t\u0159\u00eddn\u00ed spole\u010dnost.\u00a0T\u0159\u00edda proletari\u00e1tu je v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e kdy jindy \u2013 a rozd\u011blen\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e kdy jindy.\u00a0Vl\u00e1dnouc\u00ed t\u0159\u00edda je bohat\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e kdy jindy \u2013 a jej\u00ed vl\u00e1da je nepr\u016fhledn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a rozv\u011btven\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e kdy jindy.\u00a0Odv\u00e1\u017en\u00e1 teze?\u00a0Ne?<\/span><\/p>\n

Proletari\u00e1t, tedy n\u00e1mezdn\u00ed pracovn\u00edci bez v\u00fdznamn\u00e9ho kapit\u00e1lov\u00e9ho majetku, dnes sed\u00ed v kancel\u00e1\u0159i, provozuj\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010dem \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 syst\u00e9my, p\u00ed\u0161\u00ed rozpisy v nemocnic\u00edch, doru\u010duj\u00ed bal\u00ed\u010dky a j\u00eddlo, nos\u00ed policejn\u00ed uniformy, sb\u00edraj\u00ed z\u00e1kazn\u00edky v supermarketech nebo n\u00e1s p\u0159emlouvaj\u00ed k poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vysoce vzd\u011blan\u00ed sed\u00ed s platov\u00fdmi smlouvami na univerzit\u00e1ch, \u00fastavech nebo nevl\u00e1dn\u00edch organizac\u00edch, v obchodn\u00edch poradensk\u00fdch firm\u00e1ch, na \u00fa\u0159adech pr\u00e1ce, ve \u0161kol\u00e1ch nebo na m\u011bstsk\u00fdch \u00fa\u0159adech.\u00a0A kdy\u017e budete m\u00edt sm\u016flu, pracujete jako brig\u00e1dn\u00edk bl\u00edzko hranice minim\u00e1ln\u00ed mzdy nebo jste jako nezam\u011bstnan\u00fd p\u0159\u00edjemce Hartz IV zapojen do jak\u00fdchsi zam\u011bstnaneck\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed.\u00a0V\u0161ichni jsou modern\u00edm proletari\u00e1tem.<\/span><\/p>\n

V d\u011blnick\u00e9 t\u0159\u00edd\u011b v\u017edy existovaly hierarchie, ale pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b nikdy nebyly tak v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 jako dnes.\u00a0Nejp\u0159izp\u016fsobiv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a nejloaj\u00e1ln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed zmocn\u011bn\u00ed a vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed mzdy, co\u017e m\u00e1 tendenci zvy\u0161ovat dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159edpis\u016f.\u00a0Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed krit\u00e9rium pro jejich postaven\u00ed v t\u0159\u00eddn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti je st\u00e1le stejn\u00e9: pracuj\u00ed za mzdu \u2013 pracuj\u00ed, aby vl\u00e1dli.\u00a0Bez mechu se nic ned\u011bje.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00e1mezdn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce znamen\u00e1 vyko\u0159is\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00e1mezdn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce znamen\u00e1 vyko\u0159is\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed.\u00a0Nen\u00ed tomu jinak ne\u017e p\u0159ed 150 lety.\u00a0P\u0159idan\u00e1 hodnota plyne k akcion\u00e1\u0159\u016fm korporac\u00ed a do da\u0148ov\u00fdch hrnc\u016f, o jejich\u017e pou\u017eit\u00ed nemohou n\u00e1mezdn\u00ed pracovn\u00edci rozhodovat.\u00a0Z n\u00ed jsou financov\u00e1ny nap\u0159\u00edklad i policejn\u00ed kluby na ml\u00e1cen\u00ed demonstrant\u016f a t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 zbran\u011b, kter\u00e9 N\u011bmecko v sou\u010dasnosti dod\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00e1l\u010d\u00edc\u00edm frakc\u00edm na Ukrajin\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

V bohat\u0161\u00edch zem\u00edch se samoz\u0159ejm\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161ila \u017eivotn\u00ed \u00farove\u0148.\u00a0V N\u011bmecku jim nikdo nemus\u00ed dvan\u00e1ct hodin v kuse sekat kosti krump\u00e1\u010dem.\u00a0A p\u0159ece je jasn\u00e9: Pod\u00edv\u00e1me-li se na posledn\u00edch 70 let a inflaci v t\u00e9to dob\u011b, st\u00e1le plat\u00ed kr\u00e9do bur\u017eoazie.\u00a0Mzda by m\u011bla pracovn\u00edka udr\u017eet p\u0159i \u017eivot\u011b, dostate\u010dn\u011b ho motivovat, z\u00e1rove\u0148 mu zabr\u00e1nit ve st\u00e1vce a zajistit jeho reprodukci.\u00a0Nic v\u00edc, nic m\u00ed\u0148.<\/span><\/p>\n

A platov\u00fd rozd\u00edl je obrovsk\u00fd.\u00a0\u010clov\u011bk si ze sv\u00e9ho platu m\u016f\u017ee dovolit p\u011bkn\u00fd domov, dv\u011b auta a dv\u011b ro\u010dn\u00ed dovolen\u00e9.\u00a0S t\u00edm druh\u00fdm to sta\u010d\u00ed jen na to nejnutn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.\u00a0N\u011bkter\u00fdm prolet\u016fm je dovoleno diktovat ostatn\u00edm, co maj\u00ed d\u011blat.\u00a0Nebo m\u016f\u017ee rozhodnout, kdo bude najat, zat\u00edmco ostatn\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou \u0161patn\u011b placeni, jsou vylou\u010deni ze v\u0161ech pravomoc\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00e1mezdn\u00edk si nem\u016f\u017ee vybrat, zda svou pracovn\u00ed s\u00edlu prod\u00e1 \u010di nikoliv.\u00a0Mus\u00ed to ud\u011blat, aby mohl \u017e\u00edt.\u00a0To plat\u00ed dnes stejn\u011b jako tehdy.\u00a0Ale prodat svou pracovn\u00ed s\u00edlu v\u017edy znamen\u00e1 muset d\u011blat pr\u00e1ci, kterou po n\u011bm ostatn\u00ed vy\u017eaduj\u00ed.\u00a0Kdokoli je na vrcholu toho vrcholu, ur\u010duje, co je t\u0159eba ud\u011blat.\u00a0To plat\u00ed pro v\u0161echny oblasti \u2013 soukrom\u00e9 korporace, st\u00e1tn\u00ed podniky i \u00fa\u0159ady.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zkrocen\u00e9 svazy a spolky<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Pov\u011bdom\u00ed o z\u00e1vislosti je v\u0161ak zakalen\u00e9, velk\u00e9 odbory zmutovaly v z\u00e1konod\u00e1rn\u00e9 partnery korporac\u00ed a st\u00e1tu, kter\u00e9 jsou krotk\u00e9 jako jeh\u0148ata v d\u011btsk\u00e9 zoo.\u00a0Vl\u00e1dnouc\u00ed t\u0159\u00edda a jej\u00ed n\u00e1stroj moci, st\u00e1t, dos\u00e1hly triku: prost\u011b za\u010dlenily b\u00fdval\u00e9 bojov\u00e9 s\u00edly utla\u010dovan\u00fdch, a to nejen finan\u010dn\u011b, ale v ide\u00e1ln\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b tak\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

Odbory nejsou jedin\u00fdmi organizacemi, kter\u00e9 st\u00e1le v\u00edce p\u016fsob\u00ed jako roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed byrokracie.\u00a0Podobnou cestou jdou nebo ji\u017e \u0161ly t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161echna spole\u010densk\u00e1 sdru\u017een\u00ed, vydavatel\u00e9 m\u00e9di\u00ed, nevl\u00e1dn\u00ed organizace, n\u011bkdy i ob\u010dansk\u00e9 iniciativy.\u00a0Dokonce i charitativn\u00ed panely jsou tam.\u00a0Od t\u00e9 doby, co na za\u010d\u00e1tku 90. let za\u010dali v N\u011bmecku, opou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed ty nejpot\u0159ebn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.\u00a0Proto\u017ee podm\u00ednkou pro pytel s potravinami je platn\u00e1 mzda, d\u016fchod nebo v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f Hartz IV.\u00a0Jin\u00fdmi slovy: Charity jsou poskytov\u00e1ny pouze v\u00fdm\u011bnou za to, \u017ee se p\u0159izp\u016fsob\u00ed syst\u00e9mu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Co z\u016fstalo pozadu, jsou z\u00e1jmy d\u011blnick\u00e9 t\u0159\u00eddy.\u00a0Pokud si chcete udr\u017eet pr\u00e1ci, je lep\u0161\u00ed si nest\u011b\u017eovat, pokud nem\u016f\u017eete naj\u00edt \u017e\u00e1dnou organizaci, kter\u00e1 by v\u00e1m mohla poskytnout podporu.\u00a0A kdy\u017e na druh\u00e9m konci \u010d\u00edhaj\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159e Hartz IV, kter\u00e9 v\u00e1s pod hrozbou sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed v\u00fdhod mohou donutit k jak\u00e9koli pr\u00e1ci, bez ohledu na to, jak mizernou.\u00a0Je to doom-loop.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pro bur\u017eoazii je to v\u0161ak gigantick\u00e9 v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed.\u00a0T\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem se vy\u010derp\u00e1vaj\u00ed ohniska odporu, v\u011bt\u0161ina protest\u016f je potla\u010dena v z\u00e1rodku nebo se jev\u00ed jako tenk\u00e9 individu\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1zory bizarn\u00edch men\u0161in, kter\u00e9, jakmile se to \u0159ekne ve\u0159ejn\u011b, jsou marginalizov\u00e1ny a zdiskreditov\u00e1ny propagandistick\u00fdmi salvami ze v\u0161ech medi\u00e1ln\u00edch kan\u00e1l\u016f. .<\/span><\/p>\n

Za odbor\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdm pl\u00e1\u0161t\u011bm soci\u00e1ln\u00edho partnerstv\u00ed se skr\u00fdv\u00e1 charta vl\u00e1dc\u016f pro neru\u0161en\u00e9 vyko\u0159is\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed a v\u0161estrannou kontrolu v\u0161ech, kte\u0159\u00ed mus\u00ed prod\u00e1vat svou pracovn\u00ed s\u00edlu.\u00a0Skr\u00fdv\u00e1 se tam nev\u011bdom\u00ed z\u00e1vislost\u00ed a hladk\u00fd pr\u016fb\u011bh nepochopiteln\u00e9ho politick\u00e9ho rozb\u00edjen\u00ed soci\u00e1ln\u00edch pr\u00e1v, o kter\u00e1 se kdysi krvav\u011b bojovalo, ano, dokonce i pr\u00e1v z\u00e1kladn\u00edch, ani\u017e by st\u00e1l za zm\u00ednku n\u011bjak\u00fd odpor.<\/span><\/p>\n

Odbory jsou do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry zkrocen\u00e9, a to pos\u00edlilo t\u0159\u00eddn\u00ed boj: t\u0159\u00eddn\u00ed boj shora.\u00a0K nelibosti platov\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161iny.<\/span><\/p>\n

Autor: Susan Bonath<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kdy\u017e odbory a strany v ned\u011bli postav\u00ed sv\u00e9 st\u00e1nky, m\u00e1vaj\u00ed \u010derven\u00fdmi bal\u00f3nky a vlajkami IG…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":10142,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1709,29,1281,2307],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10141"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10141"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10141\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10142"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10141"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10141"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10141"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}