{"id":101320,"date":"2026-03-08T00:30:41","date_gmt":"2026-03-07T23:30:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=101320"},"modified":"2026-03-07T17:50:11","modified_gmt":"2026-03-07T16:50:11","slug":"zbranove-arzenaly-a-jejich-dopad-na-valky-v-iranu-a-na-ukrajine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/03\/08\/zbranove-arzenaly-a-jejich-dopad-na-valky-v-iranu-a-na-ukrajine\/","title":{"rendered":"Zbra\u0148ov\u00e9 arzen\u00e1ly \u2013 a jejich dopad na v\u00e1lky v \u00cdr\u00e1nu a na Ukrajin\u011b"},"content":{"rendered":"
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V\u00e1lka v Persk\u00e9m z\u00e1livu ji\u017e po n\u011bkolika dnech uk\u00e1zala, jak z\u00e1sadn\u00ed jsou z\u00e1soby zbran\u00ed pro pr\u016fb\u011bh modern\u00edch konflikt\u016f. USA, Izrael a \u00cdr\u00e1n v sou\u010dasnosti spot\u0159ebov\u00e1vaj\u00ed velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed raket, dron\u016f a p\u0159esn\u00e9 munice. Zat\u00edmco Teher\u00e1n je pod rostouc\u00edm vojensk\u00fdm tlakem, pod tlakem jsou i z\u00e1padn\u00ed z\u00e1soby. Obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b vysok\u00e1 spot\u0159eba drah\u00fdch protiletadlov\u00fdch raket by mohla m\u00edt strategick\u00e9 d\u016fsledky \u2013 v neposledn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b pro v\u00e1lku na Ukrajin\u011b.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Tempo operac\u00ed bylo od sam\u00e9ho za\u010d\u00e1tku vysok\u00e9. USA, Izrael a \u00cdr\u00e1n spot\u0159ebov\u00e1vaj\u00ed v\u00edce zbran\u00ed, ne\u017e dok\u00e1\u017eou sou\u010dasn\u011b vyrobit.<\/span><\/p>\n

Institut pro studium n\u00e1rodn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti (INSS) se s\u00eddlem v Tel Avivu odhadl, \u017ee po pouh\u00fdch p\u011bti dnech v\u00e1lky USA a Izrael provedly v\u00edce ne\u017e 2 000 \u00fatok\u016f, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e ka\u017ed\u00fd z nich pou\u017eil r\u016fzn\u00e9 typy munice.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00cdr\u00e1n<\/span><\/h3>\n

Podle INSS \u00cdr\u00e1n v t\u00e9 dob\u011b\u00a0<\/span>ji\u017e odp\u00e1lil 571 raket a 1391 dron\u016f<\/span><\/a>\u00a0. Mnoh\u00e9 z nich byly pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b zachyceny.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00cdr\u00e1nsk\u00e9 ost\u0159elov\u00e1n\u00ed bylo nejintenzivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed druh\u00fd a t\u0159et\u00ed den v\u00e1lky. Pot\u00e9 \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00e1 palba postupn\u011b sl\u00e1bla (informovali jsme:\u00a0<\/span>Izraelsk\u00e1 arm\u00e1da po \u010dty\u0159ech dnech vyd\u00e1v\u00e1 pr\u016fb\u011b\u017en\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0).<\/span><\/p>\n

Nen\u00ed to zp\u016fsobeno jen vy\u010derp\u00e1n\u00edm z\u00e1sob, ale p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm t\u00edm, \u017ee Izrael a USA ni\u010d\u00ed odpalovac\u00ed stanovi\u0161t\u011b a sklady. P\u0159ed v\u00e1lkou se \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00fd arzen\u00e1l odhadoval na v\u00edce ne\u017e 2 000 balistick\u00fdch raket kr\u00e1tk\u00e9ho doletu.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 se, \u017ee \u00cdr\u00e1n p\u0159ed v\u00e1lkou hromadn\u011b vyrobil des\u00edtky tis\u00edc sv\u00fdch dron\u016f Shahed.\u00a0<\/span>Gener\u00e1l Dan Caine, vrchn\u00ed velitel americk\u00fdch ozbrojen\u00fdch sil, v\u0161ak ji\u017e 5. b\u0159ezna uvedl,<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u017ee \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00e9 operace dron\u016f se od za\u010d\u00e1tku konfliktu sn\u00ed\u017eily o 73 %.<\/span><\/p>\n

Je v\u0161ak mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee tento dramatick\u00fd pokles je pokusem o zachov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1sob zbran\u00ed \u2013 udr\u017een\u00ed v\u00fdroby je v\u0161ak st\u00e1le obt\u00ed\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Americk\u00e9 a izraelsk\u00e9 st\u00edha\u010dky z\u00edsk\u00e1vaj\u00ed nad \u00cdr\u00e1nem st\u00e1le v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed vzdu\u0161nou p\u0159evahu. V\u011bt\u0161ina \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00e9 protivzdu\u0161n\u00e9 obrany byla zni\u010dena.<\/span><\/p>\n

Podle americk\u00e9ho \u00dast\u0159edn\u00edho velen\u00ed (CENTCOM) se dal\u0161\u00ed f\u00e1ze v\u00e1lky zam\u011b\u0159\u00ed na dopaden\u00ed \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00fdch raketov\u00fdch a bezpilotn\u00edch raket, jejich z\u00e1sob zbran\u00ed a zni\u010den\u00ed jejich v\u00fdrobn\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. To nen\u00ed snadn\u00fd \u00fakol, proto\u017ee \u00cdr\u00e1n je t\u0159ikr\u00e1t v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e Francie a je hornat\u00fd. Ned\u00e1vn\u00e1 historie tak\u00e9 ukazuje omezen\u00ed vzdu\u0161n\u00e9ho boje.<\/span><\/p>\n

USA<\/span><\/h3>\n

USA z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed nejsiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vojenskou mocnost\u00ed sv\u011bta. Na rozd\u00edl od Izraelc\u016f se v\u0161ak americk\u00e1 arm\u00e1da b\u011bhem prvn\u00edho t\u00fddne v\u00e1lky do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry vyh\u00fdbala provozu letadel nad \u00cdr\u00e1nem (necht\u011bla riskovat zajet\u00ed pilot\u016f).<\/span><\/p>\n

USA se proto siln\u011b spol\u00e9haj\u00ed na drah\u00e9, p\u0159esn\u011b nav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e9 zbran\u011b dlouh\u00e9ho doletu, kter\u00e9 se vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00ed pouze v omezen\u00e9m mno\u017estv\u00ed. Zpr\u00e1vy nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee Trump svolal na konec t\u00fddne sch\u016fzku s dodavateli obrann\u00fdch technologi\u00ed, aby na n\u011b vyvinul tlak k urychlen\u00ed v\u00fdroby. To nazna\u010duje, \u017ee i americk\u00e9 zdroje v t\u00e9to oblasti mohou dosahovat sv\u00fdch limit\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tento probl\u00e9m by se v\u0161ak nyn\u00ed m\u011bl zm\u00edrnit, jeliko\u017e rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 kontrola nad vzdu\u0161n\u00fdm prostorem poskytuje relativn\u00ed volnost akc\u00ed pro \u00fatoky zbl\u00edzka. To by umo\u017enilo pou\u017eit\u00ed odli\u0161n\u00e9 a levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed munice, kter\u00e9 USA vlastn\u00ed obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Caine tak\u00e9 vysv\u011btlil, \u017ee USA se ji\u017e odklonily od pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed zbran\u00ed dlouh\u00e9ho doletu \u2013 tedy dra\u017e\u0161\u00edch a sofistikovan\u011bj\u0161\u00edch zbran\u00ed dlouh\u00e9ho doletu, jako jsou \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 st\u0159ely Tomahawk. Americk\u00e9 letectvo nyn\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 cenov\u011b efektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u201ez\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed\u201c zbran\u011b \u2013 jako jsou bomby JDAM \u2013 kter\u00e9 lze shodit nad c\u00edl.<\/span><\/p>\n

A Mark Cancian, b\u00fdval\u00fd plukovn\u00edk americk\u00e9 n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed p\u011bchoty a pracovn\u00edk washingtonsk\u00e9ho Centra pro strategick\u00e1 a mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed studia (CSIS), rovn\u011b\u017e uvedl, \u017ee po po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edm \u00fatoku na dlouhou vzd\u00e1lenost USA \u201enyn\u00ed mohou pou\u017e\u00edvat cenov\u011b efektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed rakety a bomby\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0158\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee<\/span><\/a>\u00a0USA by mohly na t\u00e9to \u00farovni pokra\u010dovat v boj\u00edch \u201eprakticky donekone\u010dna\u201c. \u010c\u00edm d\u00e9le v\u00e1lka trv\u00e1, t\u00edm krat\u0161\u00ed se seznam c\u00edl\u016f st\u00e1v\u00e1 \u2013 co\u017e znamen\u00e1 postupn\u00e9 zpomalov\u00e1n\u00ed tempa operac\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Protivzdu\u0161n\u00e1 obrana<\/span><\/h3>\n

Podle Marka Canciana maj\u00ed USA des\u00edtky tis\u00edc bomb JDAM \u2013 ale drah\u00e9 syst\u00e9my protivzdu\u0161n\u00e9 obrany jsou nedostatkov\u00e9. V ran\u00fdch f\u00e1z\u00edch konfliktu byly tyto syst\u00e9my nezbytn\u00e9 k odvr\u00e1cen\u00ed hrozby \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00fdch odvetn\u00fdch \u00fatok\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rakety Patriot jsou velmi \u017e\u00e1dan\u00e9 \u2013 nejen ze strany USA, ale i jejich arabsk\u00fdch spojenc\u016f a Ukrajiny. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 st\u00edhac\u00ed st\u0159ela stoj\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 4 miliony dolar\u016f a USA jich v sou\u010dasnosti vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00ed odhadem 700 ro\u010dn\u011b. Pokud by \u00cdr\u00e1n i nad\u00e1le mohl odpalovat balistick\u00e9 st\u0159ely, tyto omezen\u00e9 z\u00e1soby by byly siln\u011b zat\u00ed\u017eeny.<\/span><\/p>\n

Proces prob\u00edh\u00e1 n\u00e1sledovn\u011b: Radar skenuje oblohu, aby detekoval a lokalizoval bl\u00ed\u017e\u00edc\u00ed se nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9 c\u00edle. \u0158\u00eddic\u00ed stanice nav\u00e1d\u00ed rakety k c\u00edli a m\u016f\u017ee upravit dobu detonace. Odpalovac\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed raket pojme a\u017e 16 raket, kter\u00e9 lze odp\u00e1lit za m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e dev\u011bt sekund.<\/span><\/p>\n

Expert CSIS Cancian odhaduje, \u017ee USA maj\u00ed z\u00e1soby p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1600 raket Patriot \u2013 kter\u00e9 byly pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b v posledn\u00edch dnech vy\u010derp\u00e1ny. Domn\u00edv\u00e1 se, \u017ee a\u010dkoliv by USA mohly ve v\u00e1lce vzduch-zem\u011b pokra\u010dovat \u201edlouho\u201c, jejich protivzdu\u0161n\u00e1 obrana je \u201em\u00e9n\u011b bezpe\u010dn\u00e1\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

A pom\u011br n\u00e1klad\u016f je samoz\u0159ejm\u011b absurdn\u00ed. \u010cty\u0159i miliony dolar\u016f na zachycen\u00ed jedin\u00e9 \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00e9 rakety v hodnot\u011b 250 000 dolar\u016f!<\/span><\/p>\n

Zm\u011bna by nyn\u00ed mohla p\u0159ij\u00edt s novou izraelskou technologi\u00ed: syst\u00e9mem \u201e\u017delezn\u00fd paprsek\u201c, kter\u00fd doslova griloval rakety Hizball\u00e1hu ve vzduchu neviditeln\u00fdm, vysoce p\u0159esn\u00fdm laserov\u00fdm paprskem! Syst\u00e9m byl z\u0159ejm\u011b poprv\u00e9 pou\u017eit v posledn\u00edch dnech (\u00a0<\/span>informovali jsme: Izrael griluje rakety Hizball\u00e1hu nov\u00fdm laserov\u00fdm \u0161t\u00edtem<\/span><\/a> ).<\/span><\/p>\n

Jak dob\u0159e a do jak\u00e9 m\u00edry lze novou technologii vyu\u017e\u00edt, se uk\u00e1\u017ee a\u017e v praxi. Faktem v\u0161ak z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee nedostatek americk\u00fdch raket Patriot bude m\u00edt pro Ukrajinu d\u016fsledky.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed pozorovatel\u00e9 spekulovali, \u017ee \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00e1 v\u00e1lka by Rusku u\u0161kodila, proto\u017ee by od mull\u00e1h\u016f p\u0159estalo dost\u00e1vat drony Shahed. Rusko v\u0161ak tyto drony ji\u017e dlouho vyr\u00e1b\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b licence. Pou\u017eit\u00ed americk\u00fdch st\u00edhac\u00edch raket v Persk\u00e9m z\u00e1livu naopak pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b Rusku prosp\u011bje a Ukrajin\u011b u\u0161kod\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Podle Volodymyra Zelensk\u00e9ho<\/span><\/a>\u00a0bylo v \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00e9m konfliktu pou\u017eito b\u011bhem pouh\u00fdch t\u0159\u00ed dn\u016f v\u00edce ne\u017e 800 raket Patriot \u2013 v\u00edce, ne\u017e Ukrajina celkem obdr\u017eela od roku 2022. Zda jsou \u010d\u00edsla z Kyjeva p\u0159esn\u00e1, nelze nez\u00e1visle ov\u011b\u0159it.<\/span><\/p>\n

Toto \u010d\u00edslo spot\u0159eby pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b znamen\u00e1, \u017ee Kyjev v bl\u00edzk\u00e9 budoucnosti dostane m\u00e9n\u011b raket Patriot. To by n\u00e1sledn\u011b mohlo Rusku usnadnit zah\u00e1jen\u00ed \u00fatok\u016f. A pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b to v Kyjev\u011b spust\u00ed poplach.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zelenskyj proto Ameri\u010dan\u016fm navrhl v\u00fdm\u011bnu ukrajinsk\u00fdch st\u00edhac\u00edch dron\u016f za protivzdu\u0161n\u00e9 rakety Patriot. Zda s t\u00edm americk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da souhlas\u00ed a t\u00edm riskuje odhalen\u00ed vlastn\u00edch z\u00e1kladen na Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u00fdchod\u011b, je nejist\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

Od Erica Angerera<\/a><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V\u00e1lka v Persk\u00e9m z\u00e1livu ji\u017e po n\u011bkolika dnech uk\u00e1zala, jak z\u00e1sadn\u00ed jsou z\u00e1soby zbran\u00ed pro…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":101321,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,38,349,37,40,4123,73],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/101320"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=101320"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/101320\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/101321"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=101320"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=101320"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=101320"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}