{"id":101247,"date":"2026-03-07T06:12:51","date_gmt":"2026-03-07T05:12:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=101247"},"modified":"2026-03-07T06:37:26","modified_gmt":"2026-03-07T05:37:26","slug":"fialovy-korigovane-informace-v-praxi-na-ruska-media-se-divat-nesmime-ale-jejich-obsahem-nas-ta-nase-oblazuji-neustale","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/03\/07\/fialovy-korigovane-informace-v-praxi-na-ruska-media-se-divat-nesmime-ale-jejich-obsahem-nas-ta-nase-oblazuji-neustale\/","title":{"rendered":"Fialovy korigovan\u00e9 informace v praxi: Na rusk\u00e1 m\u00e9dia se d\u00edvat nesm\u00edme, ale jejich obsahem n\u00e1s ta na\u0161e obla\u017euj\u00ed neust\u00e1le"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

Svoboda slova se dnes h\u00e1j\u00ed zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edm zp\u016fsobem. Zak\u00e1\u017eeme zdroj, ale povol\u00edme jeho v\u00fdklad. Odebereme ob\u010dan\u016fm pr\u00e1vo d\u00edvat se, poslouchat a\u00a0hodnotit, ale s\u00a0gustem jim naserv\u00edrujeme \u201espr\u00e1vn\u011b interpretovan\u00e9\u201c \u00faryvky. A\u00a0tomu \u0159\u00edk\u00e1me obrana demokracie. Ve skute\u010dnosti jde o\u00a0n\u00e1vrat k\u00a0my\u0161len\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jsme si mysleli, \u017ee skon\u010dilo v\u00a0roce 1989.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201eMy mus\u00edme chr\u00e1nit za ka\u017edou cenu, a\u00a0na tom z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed osobn\u011b i\u00a0mn\u011b, svobodu slova, projevu, v\u0161echny atributy, kter\u00e9 ke svobodn\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti pat\u0159\u00ed. Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b lid\u00e9 maj\u00ed pr\u00e1vo na to, aby informace byly korigov\u00e1ny. Je zjevn\u00e9, \u017ee st\u00e1ty z\u00e1padn\u00edho sv\u011bta \u010del\u00ed dezinforma\u010dn\u00ed kampani ciz\u00ed velmoci, kter\u00e1 prosazuje svoje z\u00e1jmy a\u00a0sna\u017e\u00ed se destabilizovat na\u0161i spole\u010dnost.\u201c Tato slova pronesl exp\u0159edseda vl\u00e1dy Petr Fiala.<\/p>\n

Na tuto ment\u00e1ln\u00ed gymnastiku trefn\u011b reagoval \u010dlen Rady pro rozhlasov\u00e9 a\u00a0televizn\u00ed vys\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed Vadim Petrov: \u201eTohle je dobr\u00fd v\u00fdrok na\u0161eho premi\u00e9ra. Zn\u00e1te to, kdy\u017e naraz\u00edte na demagogii, kter\u00e1 s\u00a0v\u00e1mi mejkne o\u00a0zem. N\u011bco jako: Mus\u00edme chr\u00e1nit svobodu slova, ale pokud budeme tvrdit nesmysly, m\u00e1me pr\u00e1vo na to, aby na\u0161e n\u00e1zory st\u00e1t korigoval.\u201c P\u0159esn\u011b pojmenoval to, co dnes za\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me, ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed r\u00e9toriku \u201eochrany svobody\u201c, kter\u00e1 je v\u00a0praxi doprov\u00e1zena systematick\u00fdm omezov\u00e1n\u00edm p\u0159\u00edstupu k\u00a0informac\u00edm.<\/p>\n

Stopka pro rusk\u00fd hlas<\/h2>\n

Po za\u010d\u00e1tku v\u00e1lky na Ukrajin\u011b se Evropsk\u00e1 unie rozhodla zakro\u010dit. V\u00fdsledkem byl plo\u0161n\u00fd z\u00e1kaz vybran\u00fdch rusk\u00fdch m\u00e9di\u00ed na \u00fazem\u00ed EU. Ne\u0161lo o\u00a0jednotliv\u00e9 po\u0159ady, ne\u0161lo o\u00a0konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed v\u00fdzvy k\u00a0n\u00e1sil\u00ed. \u0160lo o\u00a0cel\u00e9 redakce, cel\u00e9 televize, cel\u00e9 weby. Argument byl jednoduch\u00fd \u2013 propaganda, dezinformace, ohro\u017een\u00ed demokracie.<\/p>\n

Jen\u017ee pr\u00e1v\u011b tady se l\u00e1me chleba. Demokracie nen\u00ed stav, kter\u00fd chr\u00e1n\u00edme t\u00edm, \u017ee zak\u00e1\u017eeme informace. Demokracie je proces, kter\u00fd stoj\u00ed na otev\u0159en\u00e9 konfrontaci n\u00e1zor\u016f. I\u00a0t\u011bch nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00fdch. I\u00a0t\u011bch l\u017eiv\u00fdch. Proto\u017ee pravda se nerod\u00ed z\u00a0ticha, ale ze st\u0159etu. Z\u00e1kaz rusk\u00fdch m\u00e9di\u00ed vytvo\u0159il precedent. St\u00e1t (respektive nadn\u00e1rodn\u00ed struktura) rozhoduje, co ob\u010dan sm\u00ed vid\u011bt, proto\u017ee by to pr\u00fd \u201enezvl\u00e1dl spr\u00e1vn\u011b vyhodnotit\u201c. P\u0159esn\u011b tento pokryteck\u00fd paternalismus byl typick\u00fdm znakem minul\u00e9ho re\u017eimu.<\/p>\n

\u010cesk\u00e1 m\u00e9dia: Rusov\u00e9 jsou \u0161\u00edlenci<\/h2>\n

Paradox cel\u00e9 situace je v\u00a0tom, \u017ee a\u010dkoliv se na rusk\u00e1 m\u00e9dia d\u00edvat nesm\u00edme, jejich obsah k\u00a0n\u00e1m proud\u00ed denn\u011b a\u00a0bez omezen\u00ed, ov\u0161em p\u0159efiltrovan\u00fd, vybran\u00fd a\u00a0r\u00e1movan\u00fd \u010desk\u00fdmi redakcemi.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n
Cenzura \u2013 ilustra\u010dn\u00ed foto. Zdroj: Shutterstock
\nx<\/em><\/figure>\n

Pod\u00edvejme se na titulky, kter\u00e9 pravideln\u011b p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed: \u201eVybombardujme Ukrajinu, pak p\u016fjdeme d\u00e1l. Televizn\u00ed propaganda v\u00a0Rusku p\u0159itvrzuje.\u201c \u201eV rusk\u00e9 st\u00e1tn\u00ed televizi prob\u00edrali vyhlazen\u00ed Evropy, Trumpovu brzkou smrt a\u00a0jeho cestu do nebe.\u201c \u201eRusk\u00e9 div\u00e1ky p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed na jadern\u00fd popel m\u00edsto Evropy.\u201c \u201eRusov\u00e9 se utrhli ze \u0159et\u011bzu. Zabijeme je v\u0161echny, vyhro\u017euj\u00ed Brit\u016fm a\u00a0Z\u00e1padu.\u201c \u201eM\u016f\u017eeme d\u00e1l \u00fato\u010dit, raduj\u00ed se v\u00a0rusk\u00e9 st\u00e1tn\u00ed televizi po zru\u0161en\u00ed summitu Putina a\u00a0Trumpa.\u201c \u201eNa Brit\u00e1nii ude\u0159\u00ed radioaktivn\u00ed tsunami. Nebudou v\u011bd\u011bt, odkud p\u0159i\u0161la, hroz\u00ed v\u00a0rusk\u00e9 st\u00e1tn\u00ed televizi.\u201c \u201ePokud Trump dod\u00e1 Ukrajin\u011b tomahawky, ude\u0159\u00edme na Polsko, vyhro\u017euj\u00ed v\u00a0rusk\u00e9 st\u00e1tn\u00ed televizi.\u201c<\/p>\n

V\u0161echny tyto texty maj\u00ed jedno spole\u010dn\u00e9. \u010cten\u00e1\u0159 nem\u00e1 mo\u017enost ov\u011b\u0159it kontext, t\u00f3n, frekvenci ani relevanci t\u011bchto v\u00fdrok\u016f. Nev\u00ed, zda jde o okrajov\u00e9 hlasatele, bizarn\u00ed figurky, nebo ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed linii. Nev\u00ed, co zazn\u011blo p\u0159edt\u00edm a potom. Nev\u00ed, zda \u0161lo o satiru, hysterii, nebo teatr\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159eh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed. Mus\u00ed prost\u011b v\u011b\u0159it.<\/p>\n

A tady se dost\u00e1v\u00e1me k\u00a0j\u00e1dru probl\u00e9mu. Z\u00e1kaz rusk\u00fdch m\u00e9di\u00ed v\u00a0kombinaci se selektivn\u00edm informov\u00e1n\u00edm o\u00a0jejich obsahu vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed model \u201e\u0159\u00edzen\u00e9ho obrazu reality\u201c. Ano, je mo\u017en\u00e9, dokonce pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee se v\u00a0rusk\u00fdch m\u00e9di\u00edch objevuj\u00ed extr\u00e9mn\u00ed, agresivn\u00ed a\u00a0odpudiv\u00e9 v\u00fdroky. Ale svobodn\u00e1 spole\u010dnost nestoj\u00ed na tom, \u017ee n\u00e1m n\u011bkdo \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, co si m\u00e1me myslet. My si to m\u016f\u017eeme ov\u011b\u0159it sami a\u00a0zjistit celkov\u00fd kontext rusk\u00e9ho medi\u00e1ln\u00edho prostoru.<\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e st\u00e1t nebo mainstream tvrd\u00ed: \u201eMy v\u00edme, \u017ee je to propaganda, tak v\u00e1m to rad\u011bji zak\u00e1\u017eeme,\u201c vrac\u00edme se ment\u00e1ln\u011b o des\u00edtky let zp\u011bt. P\u0159esn\u011b k logice: \u201eVy byste tomu nerozum\u011bli, soudruzi. Vy na to nem\u00e1te spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 ideologick\u00e9 vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed.\u201c Tohle nen\u00ed ochrana demokracie. Je to ned\u016fv\u011bra v ob\u010dany.<\/p>\n

Vzpom\u00ednka Marka Va\u0161uta jako spojovn\u00edk \u201edvou totalit\u201c<\/h2>\n

Zn\u00e1m\u00fd \u010desk\u00fd herec Marek Va\u0161ut se v\u00a0rozhovoru pro iDnes 10.\u00a0listopadu 2019 pod\u011blil o\u00a0svou zku\u0161enost ze studentsk\u00fdch let:<\/p>\n

\u201ePro\u010d tady nepovol\u00edte, aby byl na st\u00e1nc\u00edch t\u0159eba \u010dasopis Time nebo The Economist? Pro\u010d nedovol\u00edte z\u00e1padn\u00ed tiskoviny? Nechte lidi, a\u0165 si ud\u011blaj\u00ed obr\u00e1zek sami!\u201c<\/em>
\n\u201eNo to nejde, soudruhu Va\u0161ute. Pod\u00edvejte se. Vy jste jedni\u010dk\u00e1\u0159, m\u00e1te jedni\u010dku z\u00a0marxismu-leninismu, to nebylo nic t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9ho prost\u011b. Tak vy v\u00edte, jak vlastn\u011b \u010d\u00edst ty zpr\u00e1vy. Vy jste dob\u0159e vyzbrojen ideov\u011b. Ale my to nech\u00e1me \u010d\u00edst oby\u010dejn\u00fdm lidem z\u00a0venkova a\u00a0ti si tam ty l\u017ei p\u0159eberou.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n
Marek Va\u0161ut. Foto: Michelle Adlerov\u00e1
\nx<\/em><\/figure>\n

\u201eAnalogick\u00e1 situace s\u00a0dne\u0161kem, kdy\u017e n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed lid\u00e9 prohla\u0161uj\u00ed prost\u011b: No jo, lidi na venkov\u011b, ti se prost\u011b nechaj\u00ed zblbnout r\u016fznou propagandou\u2026 Prost\u011b \u00fapln\u011b debiln\u00ed propaganda sov\u011btsk\u00e9ho typu. V\u0161echno, co bylo z\u00a0Ruska, bylo slovo bo\u017e\u00ed. V\u0161echno, co bylo od Reagana, bylo od \u010f\u00e1bla. A\u00a0te\u010f se n\u011bkdy setk\u00e1v\u00e1m s\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee ta propaganda je stejn\u011b blb\u00e1, akor\u00e1t s\u00a0opa\u010dn\u00fdm znam\u00ednkem,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Va\u0161ut.<\/p>\n

To, \u017ee tato vzpom\u00ednka \u2013 a\u00a0zejm\u00e9na aspekt \u201ehloup\u00fdch venkovan\u016f\u201c \u2013 nen\u00ed zbyte\u010dn\u00e9 filozofov\u00e1n\u00ed nad dobou minulou a\u00a0\u017ee se bezprost\u0159edn\u011b dot\u00fdk\u00e1 i\u00a0na\u0161\u00ed doby, potvrzuje v\u00fdrok z\u00a0\u010dasoprostoru posledn\u00ed prezidentsk\u00e9 kampan\u011b od novin\u00e1\u0159e a\u00a0\u201echvilka\u0159sk\u00e9ho\u201c aktivisty Jana Tuny: \u201ePraha a\u00a0l\u00e1ska zv\u00edt\u011bz\u00ed nad vs\u00ed a\u00a0nen\u00e1vist\u00ed!\u201c<\/p>\n

V roce 1989 se cinkalo kl\u00ed\u010di za pluralitu n\u00e1zor\u016f, ne za jejich korekci. Za mo\u017enost sly\u0161et i\u00a0to, co se n\u00e1m nel\u00edb\u00ed. Za d\u016fv\u011bru, \u017ee lid\u00e9 nejsou hloup\u00fdm st\u00e1dem, kter\u00e9 je t\u0159eba chr\u00e1nit p\u0159ed \u201e\u0161patn\u00fdmi informacemi\u201c. Pokud dnes \u0159\u00edk\u00e1me: \u201eNa rusk\u00e1 m\u00e9dia se d\u00edvat nesm\u00edte, ale my v\u00e1m \u0159ekneme, co si o\u00a0nich m\u00e1te myslet,\u201c pak d\u011bl\u00e1me p\u0159esn\u011b to, co d\u011blali ti, proti nim\u017e jsme se tehdy vymezovali. To u\u017e nen\u00ed obrana svobody slova. To je jej\u00ed pop\u0159en\u00ed v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9m p\u0159enosu.<\/p>\n

Adam \u010caloud<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Adam<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Svoboda slova se dnes h\u00e1j\u00ed zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edm zp\u016fsobem. Zak\u00e1\u017eeme zdroj, ale povol\u00edme jeho v\u00fdklad. Odebereme ob\u010dan\u016fm…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":101248,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6],"tags":[1042,158,1051,553],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/101247"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=101247"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/101247\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/101248"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=101247"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=101247"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=101247"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}