{"id":101232,"date":"2026-03-07T05:32:07","date_gmt":"2026-03-07T04:32:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=101232"},"modified":"2026-03-07T05:32:07","modified_gmt":"2026-03-07T04:32:07","slug":"uriel-araujo-oddelovani-evropy-od-americkych-technologii-transatlanticky-posun-se-tise-odviji","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/03\/07\/uriel-araujo-oddelovani-evropy-od-americkych-technologii-transatlanticky-posun-se-tise-odviji\/","title":{"rendered":"Uriel Araujo: Odd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed Evropy od americk\u00fdch technologi\u00ed? Transatlantick\u00fd posun se ti\u0161e odv\u00edj\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

Evrop\u0161t\u00ed tv\u016frci politik znovu zva\u017euj\u00ed z\u00e1vislost kontinentu na americk\u00fdch technologick\u00fdch gigantech. Od cloudov\u00e9 infrastruktury a\u017e po platformy soci\u00e1ln\u00edch m\u00e9di\u00ed, rozsah z\u00e1vislosti Evropy vyvolal strategickou debatu o digit\u00e1ln\u00ed suverenit\u011b a geopolitick\u00e9 zranitelnosti. Tento posun signalizuje hlub\u0161\u00ed transformaci v transatlantick\u00fdch vztaz\u00edch.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Evropa se ti\u0161e p\u0159ipravuje na n\u011bco, co by se je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed deseti lety zd\u00e1lo nemysliteln\u00e9: technologick\u00e9 odd\u011blen\u00ed od Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f. Proces je pomal\u00fd, \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00fd a politicky sporn\u00fd, p\u0159esto se sm\u011br, kter\u00fdm se ub\u00edr\u00e1, st\u00e1v\u00e1 dostate\u010dn\u011b jasn\u00fdm. Co za\u010dalo jako regula\u010dn\u00ed spory se Silicon Valley, se vyvinulo v \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed strategickou diskusi o suverenit\u011b, bezpe\u010dnosti a ekonomick\u00e9m p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bezprost\u0159edn\u00edm spou\u0161t\u011b\u010dem je technologie, ale tento jev je hlub\u0161\u00ed. Evropsk\u00fd tlak na \u201edigit\u00e1ln\u00ed suverenitu\u201c jednak odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed rostouc\u00ed uv\u011bdom\u011bn\u00ed si mezi evropsk\u00fdmi elitami, \u017ee z\u00e1vislost na americk\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt klidn\u011b geopolitick\u00e9 d\u016fsledky.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ned\u00e1vn\u00e1\u00a0<\/span>zpr\u00e1va \u010dasopisu<\/span><\/a>\u00a0Foreign Policy popisuje, jak se evrop\u0161t\u00ed l\u00edd\u0159i st\u00e1le v\u00edce ob\u00e1vaj\u00ed, \u017ee by americk\u00e1 technologick\u00e1 dominance mohla b\u00fdt geopoliticky zneu\u017eita jako zbra\u0148. Jak \u010dl\u00e1nek bez obalu uv\u00e1d\u00ed, evrop\u0161t\u00ed tv\u016frci politik se ob\u00e1vaj\u00ed, \u017ee Washington by jednoho dne mohl naru\u0161it nebo omezit digit\u00e1ln\u00ed slu\u017eby jako p\u00e1ku k z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fastupk\u016f od spojenc\u016f. Takov\u00e9 obavy se n\u011bkter\u00fdm mohou zd\u00e1t dramatick\u00e9, ale evrop\u0161t\u00ed p\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 je zjevn\u011b vzhledem k rostouc\u00edmu nap\u011bt\u00ed mezi USA a Evropou v\u016fbec nepova\u017euj\u00ed za p\u0159ita\u017een\u00e9 za vlasy. V\u00fdsledkem je postupn\u00fd tlak na alternativy v oblasti cloud computingu, polovodi\u010d\u016f a dokonce i platforem soci\u00e1ln\u00edch m\u00e9di\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b je rozsah z\u00e1vislosti<\/span><\/a>\u00a0Evropy\u00a0ohromuj\u00edc\u00ed. Amazon, Google a Microsoft poskytuj\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e dv\u011b t\u0159etiny cloudov\u00fdch slu\u017eeb v Evrop\u011b, zat\u00edmco v\u011bt\u0161ina pokro\u010dil\u00fdch \u010dip\u016f pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch na kontinentu poch\u00e1z\u00ed od americk\u00fdch firem, jako je\u00a0<\/span>Nvidia<\/span><\/a>\u00a0. Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed platformy, kter\u00e9 formuj\u00ed evropskou ve\u0159ejnou debatu, jsou tak\u00e9 drtiv\u011b americk\u00e9; pr\u00e1v\u011b tuto nerovnov\u00e1hu se Brusel sna\u017e\u00ed napravit.<\/span><\/p>\n

V roce 2024 jsem\u00a0<\/span>napsal<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, \u017ee skupina BRICS sm\u011b\u0159uje k digit\u00e1ln\u00ed suverenit\u011b, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e Braz\u00edlie by potenci\u00e1ln\u011b mohla hr\u00e1t kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli v podpo\u0159e spolupr\u00e1ce v oblasti spr\u00e1vy dat, kybernetick\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti a technologick\u00e9 autonomie. Tehdy jsem zd\u016fraznil, \u017ee z\u00e1vislost na zahrani\u010dn\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00ed infrastruktu\u0159e (zejm\u00e9na na technologick\u00e9 infrastruktu\u0159e se s\u00eddlem v USA) vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed strategick\u00e1 zranitelnost, a proto zem\u011b BRICS nut\u00ed zkoumat alternativy, kter\u00e9 by tak\u0159\u00edkaj\u00edc usilovaly o digit\u00e1ln\u00ed multipolaritu. Evropsk\u00e1 debata tak v jist\u00e9m smyslu odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00ed trend: st\u00e1ty za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed s digit\u00e1ln\u00ed infrastrukturou zach\u00e1zet jako se strategick\u00fdm \u00fazem\u00edm, nikoli jako s neutr\u00e1ln\u00edm tr\u017ei\u0161t\u011bm.<\/span><\/p>\n

Z\u00e1kon EU o digit\u00e1ln\u00edch slu\u017eb\u00e1ch (\u00a0<\/span>DSA<\/span><\/a>\u00a0) se v ka\u017ed\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b stal hlavn\u00edm bodem sv\u00e1ru v transatlantick\u00fdch vztaz\u00edch. Evrop\u0161t\u00ed regul\u00e1to\u0159i trvaj\u00ed na tom, \u017ee z\u00e1kon m\u00e1 chr\u00e1nit demokracii a spot\u0159ebitele p\u0159ed algoritmick\u00fdmi manipulacemi. Washington v\u0161ak st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji prezentuje tuto z\u00e1le\u017eitost jako \u00fatok na americk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti. Kdy\u017e EU\u00a0<\/span>ud\u011blila Elonu Muskovi pokutu ve v\u00fd\u0161i 120 milion\u016f eur<\/span><\/a>\u00a0(prosinec 2025) za \u00fadajn\u00e9 poru\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1kona DSA, americk\u00fd ministr zahrani\u010d\u00ed Marco Rubio toto rozhodnut\u00ed odsoudil jako \u00fatok na americk\u00e9 technologick\u00e9 platformy.<\/span><\/p>\n

To op\u011bt zaj\u00edmav\u011b odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed podobnou debatu, kter\u00e1 prob\u011bhla\u00a0<\/span>v Braz\u00edlii v roce 2024<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, a do kter\u00e9 byl rovn\u011b\u017e zapleten Musk, s v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdmi politick\u00fdmi a pr\u00e1vn\u00edmi\u00a0<\/span>d\u016fsledky<\/span><\/a>\u00a0. Jen st\u011b\u017e\u00ed lze p\u0159ecenit, do jak\u00e9 m\u00edry\u00a0dnes\u00a0<\/a><\/span>velk\u00e9 technologick\u00e9 firmy<\/span><\/a>\u00a0utv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed americkou zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politiku\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

A\u0165 je to jakkoli, za titulky se skr\u00fdv\u00e1 hlub\u0161\u00ed strategick\u00fd posun. EU ji\u017e zah\u00e1jila \u201epomal\u00fd \u00fastup\u201c (jak to\u00a0<\/span>formuluje<\/span><\/a>\u00a0Politico ) od z\u00e1vislosti na USA v n\u011bkolika odv\u011btv\u00edch, v\u010detn\u011b technologi\u00ed, energetiky, plateb a obrany. Toto \u00fasil\u00ed by m\u011blo trvat roky, mo\u017en\u00e1 i desetilet\u00ed. Skute\u010dnost, \u017ee k takov\u00e9 diskusi v\u016fbec doch\u00e1z\u00ed, v\u0161ak vypov\u00edd\u00e1 o transformaci evropsk\u00e9ho my\u0161len\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Je pravda, \u017ee ne ka\u017ed\u00fd v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee odd\u011blen\u00ed je realistick\u00e9. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed analytici tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee ekonomick\u00e9 vztahy mezi Amerikou a Evropou jsou prost\u011b p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 hlubok\u00e9. Nap\u0159\u00edklad Astrid Prange de Oliveira, kter\u00e1 p\u00ed\u0161e pro Deutsche Welle,\u00a0<\/span>zd\u016fraz\u0148uje<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, \u017ee transatlantick\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed a investi\u010dn\u00ed vazby z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed obrovsk\u00e9, a proto je \u00fapln\u00e9 odd\u011blen\u00ed velmi nepravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jin\u00ed, jako Dimitar Lilkov (z Centra Wilfrieda Martense),\u00a0<\/span>tvrd\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, \u017ee Evropa se mus\u00ed od americk\u00fdch technologi\u00ed odd\u011blit, pokud chce z\u016fstat geopoliticky relevantn\u00ed. Pro tento t\u00e1bor nen\u00ed technologick\u00e1 suverenita pouze ekonomick\u00fdm projektem, ale strategickou nutnost\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

V ka\u017ed\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b je tato v\u00fdzva obrovsk\u00e1. Suzanne Lynch z agentury Bloomberg ned\u00e1vno\u00a0<\/span>shrnula<\/span><\/a>\u00a0dilema: Evrop\u0161t\u00ed l\u00edd\u0159i st\u00e1le v\u00edce akceptuj\u00ed, \u017ee kontinent se mus\u00ed postavit na vlastn\u00ed nohy, ale odd\u011blen\u00ed od Washingtonu je \u201esnadn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u0159\u00edct, ne\u017e ud\u011blat\u201c. EU skute\u010dn\u011b z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 hluboce spjata s americk\u00fdmi technologick\u00fdmi, finan\u010dn\u00edmi a bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edmi strukturami, zat\u00edmco vnit\u0159n\u00ed rozpory komplikuj\u00ed jakoukoli jednotnou strategii. Dokonce i l\u00edd\u0159i, kte\u0159\u00ed o pot\u0159eb\u011b autonomie hovo\u0159\u00ed bez obalu, si uv\u011bdomuj\u00ed, \u017ee implementace bude pomal\u00e1 a politicky citliv\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n

A p\u0159esto nap\u011bt\u00ed neza\u010dalo s n\u00e1vratem Donalda Trumpa k moci: Nar\u016fstalo u\u017e l\u00e9ta. Sta\u010d\u00ed si vzpomenout na Bidenovu\u00a0<\/span>dota\u010dn\u00ed v\u00e1lku<\/span><\/a>\u00a0proti Evrop\u011b prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm z\u00e1kona o sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed inflace.<\/span><\/p>\n

Struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed probl\u00e9m sah\u00e1 je\u0161t\u011b hloub\u011bji. Kdykoli se Evropa pokus\u00ed vyvinout autonomn\u00ed pr\u016fmyslovou nebo obrannou politiku, Washington obvykle (agresivn\u011b) zas\u00e1hne. Kdy\u017e nap\u0159\u00edklad EU navrhla Evropsk\u00fd obrann\u00fd fond, americk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da agresivn\u011b lobovala za to, aby si americk\u00e9 firmy zachovaly p\u0159\u00edstup na evropsk\u00e9 trhy s obrann\u00fdm vybaven\u00edm.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nav\u00edc hrozby cel a dokonce i neshody ohledn\u011b z\u00e1vazk\u016f v\u016f\u010di NATO (plus Trumpovy\u00a0<\/span>hrozby ohledn\u011b Gr\u00f3nska<\/span><\/a>\u00a0) vytvo\u0159ily atmosf\u00e9ru ned\u016fv\u011bry, m\u00edrn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, a dokonce prohloubily latentn\u00ed pocit\u00a0<\/span>nep\u0159\u00e1telstv\u00ed<\/span><\/a>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ano, Evropa z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 hluboce integrov\u00e1na s americkou ekonomikou a bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edmi syst\u00e9my. Psychologick\u00fd posun je v\u0161ak nezam\u011bniteln\u00fd. My\u0161lenka, \u017ee by se Evropa m\u011bla donekone\u010dna spol\u00e9hat na americk\u00e9 technologie, americk\u00e9 obrann\u00e9 z\u00e1ruky a americkou finan\u010dn\u00ed infrastrukturu, ji\u017e nen\u00ed implicitn\u00edm konsensem.<\/span><\/p>\n

Star\u00fd p\u0159edpoklad, \u017ee Evropa bude nav\u017edy fungovat pod americk\u00fdm technologick\u00fdm de\u0161tn\u00edkem, proto ti\u0161e miz\u00ed. Zda se Bruselu nakonec poda\u0159\u00ed vybudovat i vlastn\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00ed ekosyst\u00e9m, z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 nejist\u00e9. Diskuse v\u0161ak ji\u017e za\u010dala \u2013 a to samo o sob\u011b p\u0159edstavuje zlomov\u00fd bod v transatlantick\u00fdch vztaz\u00edch.<\/span><\/p>\n

Uriel Araujo, PhD.<\/a> v antropologii, je soci\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u011bdec specializuj\u00edc\u00ed se na etnick\u00e9 a n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 konflikty s rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdm v\u00fdzkumem geopolitick\u00e9 dynamiky a kulturn\u00edch interakc\u00ed<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Evrop\u0161t\u00ed tv\u016frci politik znovu zva\u017euj\u00ed z\u00e1vislost kontinentu na americk\u00fdch technologick\u00fdch gigantech. Od cloudov\u00e9 infrastruktury a\u017e…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":101233,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,41,1968,37],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/101232"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=101232"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/101232\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/101233"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=101232"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=101232"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=101232"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}