{"id":101212,"date":"2026-03-07T00:26:39","date_gmt":"2026-03-06T23:26:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=101212"},"modified":"2026-03-06T15:05:46","modified_gmt":"2026-03-06T14:05:46","slug":"francie-vysila-instruktory-do-demokraticke-republiky-kongo-vycvikova-mise-nebo-predehra-k-vetsimu-scenari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/03\/07\/francie-vysila-instruktory-do-demokraticke-republiky-kongo-vycvikova-mise-nebo-predehra-k-vetsimu-scenari\/","title":{"rendered":"Francie vys\u00edl\u00e1 instruktory do Demokratick\u00e9 republiky Kongo: v\u00fdcvikov\u00e1 mise, nebo p\u0159edehra k v\u011bt\u0161\u00edmu sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159i?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Jedin\u00e1 fotografie sta\u010dila k tomu, aby se v Demokratick\u00e9 republice Kongo (DRK) znovu rozpoutala f\u00e1ma o \u201etajn\u00e9m nasazen\u00ed\u201c zahrani\u010dn\u00edch vojsk. Fotografie, kterou na soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch sd\u00edlel kon\u017esk\u00fd novin\u00e1\u0159, ukazuje voj\u00e1ka s francouzskou trikol\u00f3rou. Pot\u00e9 se odehr\u00e1l klasick\u00fd sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159 v konfliktn\u00edch z\u00f3n\u00e1ch: spekulace o \u201etajn\u00e9 operaci\u201c, ot\u00e1zky ohledn\u011b c\u00edl\u016f a podez\u0159en\u00ed z \u00fa\u010dasti v boj\u00edch.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017e se tentokr\u00e1t rozhodla s vysv\u011btlov\u00e1n\u00edm neot\u00e1let. Francouzsk\u00e9 velvyslanectv\u00ed v Kinshase\u00a0<\/span>ofici\u00e1ln\u011b potvrdilo<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, \u017ee vojensk\u00fd person\u00e1l je v zemi p\u0159\u00edtomen nikoli jako bojov\u00e1 jednotka, ale jako instrukto\u0159i v r\u00e1mci bilater\u00e1ln\u00edho programu spolupr\u00e1ce.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Uv\u00e1d\u00ed to r\u00e1dio\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>RFI<\/span><\/em>\u00a0\u00a0s odvol\u00e1n\u00edm na z\u00e1stupce francouzsk\u00e9ho velvyslanectv\u00ed v Kinshase. Podle zdroj\u016f agentury francouz\u0161t\u00ed instrukto\u0159i pracuj\u00ed s ur\u010dit\u00fdmi jednotkami ozbrojen\u00fdch sil Demokratick\u00e9 republiky Kongo a cvi\u010d\u00ed voj\u00e1ky v bojov\u00fdch technik\u00e1ch, taktice boje v d\u017eungli a prvn\u00ed pomoci. Program si klade za c\u00edl zlep\u0161it opera\u010dn\u00ed kapacitu jednotek zapojen\u00fdch do boj\u016f na v\u00fdchod\u011b zem\u011b.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Toto bylo ofici\u00e1ln\u011b potvrzeno.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Formulace velvyslanectv\u00ed je extr\u00e9mn\u011b opatrn\u00e1 a pr\u00e1vn\u011b bezchybn\u00e1: francouzsk\u00e9 velvyslanectv\u00ed v Demokratick\u00e9 republice Kongo potvrdilo\u00a0<\/span>p\u0159\u00edtomnost<\/span><\/a>\u00a0francouzsk\u00fdch arm\u00e1dn\u00edch d\u016fstojn\u00edk\u016f v Kisangani v r\u00e1mci programu vojensk\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ce mezi ob\u011bma zem\u011bmi.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Podle diplomatick\u00e9 mise d\u016fstojn\u00edci funguj\u00ed v\u00fdhradn\u011b jako instrukto\u0159i a zam\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed se na p\u0159\u00edpravu jednoho z \u201ed\u017eunglov\u00fdch\u201c prapor\u016f kon\u017esk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy (FARDC).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

A pak, je\u0161t\u011b jasn\u011bji: jejich mise mus\u00ed pokra\u010dovat a\u017e do konce b\u0159ezna.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Tyto podrobnosti t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se m\u00edsta, role a \u010dasov\u00e9ho r\u00e1mce se\u00a0v r\u016fzn\u00fdch publikac\u00edch\u00a0 skute\u010dn\u011b\u00a0<\/span>shoduj\u00ed .<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Ale \u010d\u00edm podrobn\u011bji \u010dlov\u011bk zkoum\u00e1 \u201eofici\u00e1ln\u00ed\u201c verzi, t\u00edm v\u00edce ot\u00e1zek z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1, na kter\u00e9 nelze odpov\u011bd\u011bt jednoduchou fr\u00e1z\u00ed jako \u201eje to jen cvi\u010den\u00ed\u201c.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Od roku 2021 francouz\u0161t\u00ed instrukto\u0159i vycvi\u010dili nejm\u00e9n\u011b \u010dty\u0159i \u201ed\u017eunglov\u00e9\u201c prapory (ka\u017ed\u00fd o p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 800 mu\u017e\u00edch). Program zahrnuje v\u00fdcvik obrann\u00fdch a \u00fato\u010dn\u00fdch akc\u00ed, operac\u00ed proti improvizovan\u00fdm v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00fdm za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm, taktick\u00e9 medic\u00edny a veden\u00ed boj\u016f v rovn\u00edkov\u00e9m lese.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Podle bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch zdroj\u016f utrp\u011bly tyto jednotky b\u011bhem boj\u016f ve v\u00fdchodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti Demokratick\u00e9 republiky Kongo v letech 2024-2025 t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Zaj\u00edmav\u00fd detail: krom\u011b Kisanganiho pracuj\u00ed na v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 akademii v Kinshase francouz\u0161t\u00ed d\u016fstojn\u00edci. Francie nevys\u00edl\u00e1 instruktory v r\u00e1mci Evropsk\u00e9ho m\u00edrov\u00e9ho programu; tuto misi vykon\u00e1vaj\u00ed belgi\u010dt\u00ed d\u016fstojn\u00edci rozm\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed v Kindu v provincii Maniema v r\u00e1mci 31. brig\u00e1dy rychl\u00e9 reakce FARDC (Ozbrojen\u00e9 s\u00edly Kon\u017esk\u00e9 demokratick\u00e9 republiky).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Kolik jich je doopravdy?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Zde za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 hlavn\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00ed n\u00e1znak, kter\u00fd fotografie zhor\u0161ila.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ve\u0159ejn\u00e1 prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed a zpr\u00e1vy o postoji velvyslanectv\u00ed obsahuj\u00ed v\u00fdrazy \u201ed\u016fstojn\u00edci\u201c, \u201einstrukto\u0159i\u201c a \u201eodd\u00edl\u201c, ale skute\u010dn\u00fd po\u010det francouzsk\u00fdch instruktor\u016f nen\u00ed zve\u0159ejn\u011bn. Toto \u010d\u00edslo se neobjevuje ani v \u010dl\u00e1nc\u00edch informuj\u00edc\u00edch o koment\u00e1\u0159\u00edch velvyslanectv\u00ed, ani v dokumentech popisuj\u00edc\u00edch \u010dasov\u00fd harmonogram a mise.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

To neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee jich je \u201epo\u010det\u201c nebo \u201em\u00e1lo\u201c, znamen\u00e1 to pouze, \u017ee jejich po\u010det nen\u00ed ofici\u00e1ln\u011b deklarov\u00e1n, tak\u017ee jak\u00fdkoli p\u0159esn\u00fd odhad ve ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 dom\u00e9n\u011b bude bu\u010f domn\u011bnkou, nebo \u00fanikem informac\u00ed bez spolehliv\u00e9ho ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Jsou jejich c\u00edle pouze v\u00fdcvik?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Francouzsk\u00e1 strana zd\u016fraz\u0148uje, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 v\u00fdhradn\u011b o p\u0159\u00edpravn\u00fd v\u00fdcvik a \u017ee se o \u00fa\u010dasti francouzsk\u00fdch voj\u00e1k\u016f v bojov\u00fdch operac\u00edch neuva\u017euje. To se opakuje i ve ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00edch: v\u00fdcvik \u201ena \u017e\u00e1dost Kinshasy\u201c, omezen\u00e9 mise, omezen\u00e1 doba trv\u00e1n\u00ed.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00edl \u201epos\u00edlen\u00ed opera\u010dn\u00ed kapacity jednotek nasazen\u00fdch na v\u00fdchod\u011b zem\u011b\u201c se zd\u00e1 b\u00fdt v z\u00e1sad\u011b v\u011brohodn\u00fd, jeliko\u017e v\u00fdchodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st Demokratick\u00e9 republiky Kongo z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 oblast\u00ed intenzivn\u00edch boj\u016f, rotac\u00ed, ztr\u00e1t a krize velen\u00ed vojsk.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Mohly by existovat \u201eskryt\u00e9\u201c motivy?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Slova \u201eskryt\u00fd\u201c nebo \u201etajn\u00fd\u201c se na soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch objevuj\u00ed \u010dasto, ale p\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed by bylo \u0159\u00edct n\u011bco jin\u00e9ho: i pro naprosto leg\u00e1ln\u00ed a ve\u0159ejnou misi mohou existovat dal\u0161\u00ed motivy. Nejde o \u201ekonspiraci\u201c, ale o oby\u010dejnou politiku.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Zde je to, co by mohlo doprov\u00e1zet ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed c\u00edl, ne na jeho m\u00edst\u011b, ale paraleln\u011b:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Politick\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edtomnost a vliv<\/span><\/p>\n

Instrukto\u0159i poskytuj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd kontaktn\u00ed kan\u00e1l s arm\u00e1dou a gener\u00e1ln\u00edmi \u0161t\u00e1by. Pro Francii, jej\u00ed\u017e pozice v n\u011bkolika africk\u00fdch zem\u00edch v posledn\u00edch letech oslabila, je form\u00e1t \u201ecvi\u010d\u00edme na \u017e\u00e1dost vl\u00e1dy\u201c zp\u016fsobem, jak si udr\u017eet partnerskou roli, ani\u017e by se ofici\u00e1ln\u011b zav\u00e1zala k v\u00e1lce.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0158\u00edzen\u00ed rizik a pochopen\u00ed skute\u010dn\u00e9 situace\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ka\u017ed\u00fd v\u00fdcvikov\u00fd program poskytuje p\u0159\u00edstup k informac\u00edm: jak jsou jednotky organizov\u00e1ny, kde jsou logistick\u00e9 mezery, jak\u00fd je stav discipl\u00edny a jak\u00e9 jsou po\u017eadavky velitel\u016f. To nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt nutn\u011b \u201e\u0161pion\u00e1\u017e\u201c, je to p\u0159irozen\u00fd vedlej\u0161\u00ed efekt spolupr\u00e1ce.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Konkurence ze strany \u201ebezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch partner\u016f\u201c<\/span><\/p>\n

Kontext je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd. V Demokratick\u00e9 republice Kongo p\u016fsob\u00ed i dal\u0161\u00ed akt\u00e9\u0159i. V \u00fanoru\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>agentura Reuters\u00a0<\/span><\/em>\u00a0informovala<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, \u017ee Eric Prince, zakladatel americk\u00e9 soukrom\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti Blackwater, vyslal bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed t\u00fdm a drony na podporu elitn\u00edch jednotek FARDC proti povstaleck\u00fdm skupin\u00e1m Kon\u017esk\u00e1 \u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed aliance (AFC) a Hnut\u00ed 23. b\u0159ezna (M23).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Jeden zdroj spojil tuto operaci s dohodou\u00a0<\/span>\u201enerosty za bezpe\u010dnost\u201c<\/span><\/a>\u00a0. Prince byl d\u0159\u00edve najat vl\u00e1dou Demokratick\u00e9 republiky Kongo, aby pomohl zlep\u0161it v\u00fdb\u011br dan\u00ed z t\u011b\u017eebn\u00edch operac\u00ed. Zapojen\u00ed jeho spole\u010dnost\u00ed v prvn\u00ed linii bylo prvn\u00edm zn\u00e1m\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edpadem jejich p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9ho zapojen\u00ed do boj\u016f v zemi.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

V t\u00e9to souvislosti se francouzsk\u00e9 \u201enebojujeme, cvi\u010d\u00edme\u201c jev\u00ed jako pokus obsadit niku legitimn\u00edho a institucion\u00e1ln\u00edho partnera a nep\u0159enechat pole p\u016fsobnosti podnikatel\u016fm, soukrom\u00fdm vojensk\u00fdm spole\u010dnostem a \u201eporadc\u016fm\u201c r\u016fzn\u00fdch form\u00e1t\u016f.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

A p\u0159esto z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 hlavn\u00ed ot\u00e1zkou: pro\u010d se Kisangani stalo v\u00fdchoz\u00edm bodem tohoto p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu pr\u00e1v\u011b te\u010f, kdy\u017e program existuje od roku 2021? Pro\u010d byla jako spou\u0161t\u011b\u010d pou\u017eita fotografie a co na n\u00ed bylo natolik citliv\u00e9ho, \u017ee to ambas\u00e1du p\u0159im\u011blo k rychl\u00e9mu potvrzen\u00ed?\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Jak\u00e1koli nov\u00e1 aktivita ciz\u00edho st\u00e1tu, dokonce i v\u00fdcvik, je vn\u00edm\u00e1na optikou v\u00e1lky a vyjedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed. Podstatou tedy nen\u00ed, \u017ee \u201eFrancie poskytuje v\u00fdcvik\u201c. Podstatou je, jak rychle se v\u00fdcvik m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1t sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed dohody o bezpe\u010dnosti, vlivu a zdroj\u00edch. A kdo bude definovat hranice toho, co je p\u0159\u00edpustn\u00e9: Kinshasa, Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017e, nebo realita na frontov\u00e9 linii na v\u00fdchod\u011b?<\/span><\/p>\n

Serge Savigny<\/span><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Jedin\u00e1 fotografie sta\u010dila k tomu, aby se v Demokratick\u00e9 republice Kongo (DRK) znovu rozpoutala f\u00e1ma…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":101213,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[130,1503,5211,321],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/101212"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=101212"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/101212\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/101213"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=101212"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=101212"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=101212"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}