{"id":100513,"date":"2026-02-28T00:11:09","date_gmt":"2026-02-27T23:11:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=100513"},"modified":"2026-02-27T14:51:46","modified_gmt":"2026-02-27T13:51:46","slug":"martin-kovac-velmoci-se-perou-o-latinskou-ameriku-a-evropa-to-pociti-na-vlastni-kuzi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/02\/28\/martin-kovac-velmoci-se-perou-o-latinskou-ameriku-a-evropa-to-pociti-na-vlastni-kuzi\/","title":{"rendered":"Martin Kova\u010d: Velmoci se perou o Latinskou Ameriku a Evropa to poc\u00edt\u00ed na vlastn\u00ed k\u016f\u017ei"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Latinsk\u00e1 Amerika se op\u011bt stala boji\u0161t\u011bm velmoc\u00ed. Na jedn\u00e9 stran\u011b Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty pod veden\u00edm Donalda Trumpa s takzvanou \u201eDonroe doktr\u00ednou\u201c \u2013 modernizovanou verz\u00ed star\u00e9 Monroeovy doktr\u00edny \u2013 jasn\u011b \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed: toto je n\u00e1\u0161 zadn\u00ed dv\u016fr, \u010c\u00edna zde nem\u00e1 co hledat. Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b Peking, kter\u00fd zde ji\u017e l\u00e9ta buduje vliv p\u0159es obrovsk\u00fd obchod, investice do dol\u016f, p\u0159\u00edstav\u016f a \u200b\u200binfrastruktury. V\u00fdsledek? Rostouc\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se projevuje v tlac\u00edch na Panamu, Venezuelu, Chile \u010di Peru \u2013 a Evropa stoj\u00ed stranou a plat\u00ed \u00fa\u010det.<\/p>\n

Obchod \u010c\u00edny s Latinskou Amerikou dos\u00e1hl v roce 2024 rekordn\u00edch v\u00edce ne\u017e 518 miliard dolar\u016f a v roce 2025 d\u00e1le rostl. Peking je nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm odb\u011bratelem lithia z \u201etroj\u00faheln\u00edku\u201c Argentina\u2013Bol\u00edvie\u2013Chile, m\u011bdi z Peru a Chile, niklu z Braz\u00edlie. \u010c\u00ednsk\u00e9 firmy jako CMOC, Jiangxi Copper \u010di Ganfeng kupuj\u00ed doly, stav\u00ed zpracovatelsk\u00e9 kapacity a v\u00e1\u017eou si dod\u00e1vky dlouhodob\u00fdmi kontrakty. Pro \u010c\u00ednu se jedn\u00e1 o kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 suroviny pro baterie, elektromobily a zelenou transformaci. Pro region znamen\u00e1 hotovost a d\u00e1lnice \u2013 a\u010dkoli \u010dasto za cenu environment\u00e1ln\u00edch \u0161kod a dluh\u016f.<\/p>\n

Trumpova administrativa v N\u00e1rodn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed strategii 2025 explicitn\u011b prohl\u00e1sila, \u017ee USA cht\u011bj\u00ed zabr\u00e1nit \u201enep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00fdm cizinc\u016fm\u201c ovl\u00e1dat strategick\u00e1 aktiva v z\u00e1padn\u00ed hemisf\u00e9\u0159e. Vid\u00edme to v praxi: tlak na Panamu (odstoupen\u00ed od P\u00e1su a cesty, snahy o vyhn\u00e1n\u00ed \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdch firem z p\u0159\u00edstav\u016f u kan\u00e1lu), visa\u010dn\u00ed sankce na chilsk\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edky kv\u016fli podmo\u0159sk\u00e9mu kabelu s \u010c\u00ednou, \u00fatoky na Venezuelu (v\u010detn\u011b zajet\u00ed Madura), hrozby v\u016f\u010di mexick\u00fdm a kub\u00e1nsk\u00fdm vazb\u00e1m. C\u00edl je jasn\u00fd \u2013 vytla\u010dit \u010c\u00ednu ze \u201edvora\u201c USA. A ano, z americk\u00e9ho pohledu to d\u00e1v\u00e1 smysl. Probl\u00e9m je, \u017ee my v Evrop\u011b nejsme v tom dvo\u0159e. Jsme z\u00e1visl\u00ed na glob\u00e1ln\u00edch dod\u00e1vk\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

Pro\u010d to bol\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b n\u00e1s – Slov\u00e1ky a \u010cechy<\/h3>\n

Evropa nem\u00e1 vlastn\u00ed lo\u017eiska lithia ani m\u011bdi v pot\u0159ebn\u00e9m mno\u017estv\u00ed. Na\u0161i Zelenou dohodu, elektromobilitu, v\u011btrn\u00e9 turb\u00edny a sol\u00e1ry postav\u00edme pr\u00e1v\u011b na t\u011bchto surovin\u00e1ch. Pokud se Latinsk\u00e1 Amerika stane nestabiln\u00edm boji\u0161t\u011bm \u2013 s protesty, zm\u011bnami vl\u00e1d, blok\u00e1dami kontrakt\u016f \u010di rostouc\u00edmi cenami \u2013 poc\u00edt\u00ed to nejv\u00edce na\u0161e fabriky. \u010cesk\u00fd a \u010desk\u00fd automobilov\u00fd a stroj\u00edrensk\u00fd pr\u016fmysl jsou extr\u00e9mn\u011b citliv\u00e9 na ceny m\u011bdi a lithia. Vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1klady znamenaj\u00ed hor\u0161\u00ed konkurenceschopnost, m\u00e9n\u011b exportu, pomalej\u0161\u00ed r\u016fst mezd, vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed inflaci.<\/p>\n

Pokud USA tla\u010d\u00ed na spojence, aby se p\u0159idali proti \u010c\u00edn\u011b (cla, sankce), a Peking zase p\u0159esouv\u00e1 sv\u00e9 p\u0159ebytky sem \u2013 jsme v pasti. Nem\u016f\u017eeme si dovolit ztratit americk\u00fd trh ani levn\u00e9 \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 komponenty. V\u00fdsledek? Ekonomick\u00e1 z\u00e1vislost a ztr\u00e1ta man\u00e9vrovac\u00edho prostoru. Mal\u00e9 ekonomiky jako na\u0161e jsou nejv\u00edce zraniteln\u00e9 – nem\u00e1me flotilu, nem\u00e1me suroviny doma, nem\u00e1me geopolitick\u00fd vliv.<\/p>\n

Co z toho vypl\u00fdv\u00e1 pro Evropu<\/h3>\n

Tento souboj nen\u00ed jen o vliv v Latinsk\u00e9 Americe. Je o glob\u00e1ln\u00edch dodavatelsk\u00fdch \u0159et\u011bzc\u00edch, o cen\u011b energie a mobility, o na\u0161\u00ed ekonomick\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti. Brusel by m\u011bl p\u0159estat b\u00fdt jen pasivn\u00edm pozorovatelem. Pot\u0159ebujeme urychlen\u011b diverzifikovat zdroje \u2013 pos\u00edlit partnerstv\u00ed s Austr\u00e1li\u00ed, Kanadou, Afrikou, ale tak\u00e9 uzav\u0159\u00edt Mercosur dohodu s Latinskou Amerikou, dokud nen\u00ed pozd\u011b. A hlavn\u011b: p\u0159estat se tv\u00e1\u0159it, \u017ee m\u016f\u017eeme b\u00fdt simult\u00e1nn\u011b v\u011brni Washingtonu i profitovat z Pekingu. Historie ukazuje, \u017ee kdy\u017e se velmoci d\u011bl\u00ed sv\u011bt, mal\u00ed plat\u00ed nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed cenu. Pro n\u00e1s v srdci Evropy to nen\u00ed abstraktn\u00ed geopolitika. Je to ot\u00e1zka pracovn\u00edch m\u00edst ve Volkswagenu na Slovensku, \u0160kod\u011b v \u010cesku, stability cen energi\u00ed a toho, zda si na\u0161e d\u011bti budou moci dovolit elektrick\u00e1 auta \u2013 nebo budou jezdit na kolech, nebo\u0165 baterie budou luxus. \u010cas jednat je te\u010f, dokud se z n\u00e1s nestanou jen div\u00e1ci v ciz\u00ed \u0161achov\u00e9 partii.<\/p>\n

Martin Kova\u010d
\nSlovensko<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Latinsk\u00e1 Amerika se op\u011bt stala boji\u0161t\u011bm velmoc\u00ed. Na jedn\u00e9 stran\u011b Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty pod veden\u00edm Donalda…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":100514,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1042,2417,5188],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/100513"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=100513"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/100513\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/100514"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=100513"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=100513"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=100513"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}