{"id":100219,"date":"2026-02-26T00:15:12","date_gmt":"2026-02-25T23:15:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=100219"},"modified":"2026-02-21T13:21:51","modified_gmt":"2026-02-21T12:21:51","slug":"kuba-zeme-s-nejdelsimi-sankcemi-v-moderni-historii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/02\/26\/kuba-zeme-s-nejdelsimi-sankcemi-v-moderni-historii\/","title":{"rendered":"Kuba, zem\u011b s nejdel\u0161\u00edmi sankcemi v modern\u00ed historii"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

29. ledna americk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da zp\u0159\u00edsnila svou ekonomickou blok\u00e1du Kuby hrozbou uvalen\u00ed sank\u010dn\u00edch cel na jakoukoli zemi vyv\u00e1\u017eej\u00edc\u00ed palivo do Havany. Podle kub\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho ministra zahrani\u010d\u00ed toto opat\u0159en\u00ed nen\u00ed jen \u00fatokem na n\u00e1rod; vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd precedent, kter\u00e9ho by se m\u011bly ob\u00e1vat v\u0161echny zem\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00edm, \u017ee si Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty p\u0159isvojuj\u00ed pr\u00e1vo diktovat, kdo s k\u00fdm m\u016f\u017ee obchodovat, si n\u00e1rokuj\u00ed exteritori\u00e1ln\u00ed moc, kter\u00e1 sah\u00e1 daleko za hranice Kuby.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pokud Washington m\u016f\u017ee uvalit sankce na Mexiko nebo Venezuelu za dod\u00e1vky paliva na ostrov, co mu zabr\u00e1n\u00ed v pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edm uvalen\u00ed cel na jakoukoli zemi, kter\u00e1 obchoduje s automobily, s\u00f3jov\u00fdmi boby, grafitem nebo jak\u00fdmkoli jin\u00fdm produktem konkuruj\u00edc\u00edm americk\u00e9mu exportu? Imperi\u00e1ln\u00ed logika je nekone\u010dn\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nejedn\u00e1 se o spekulaci: toto opat\u0159en\u00ed je zalo\u017eeno na z\u00e1mince takzvan\u00e9 \u201ehrozby pro n\u00e1rodn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost\u201c, co\u017e je ot\u0159epan\u00e1 v\u00fdmluva pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e1 po cel\u00e1 desetilet\u00ed k ospravedln\u011bn\u00ed ekonomick\u00e9 v\u00e1lky proti suver\u00e9nn\u00edm st\u00e1t\u016fm.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ale poj\u010fme si ujasnit, o co vlastn\u011b jde: o blok\u00e1du, jej\u00edm\u017e c\u00edlem je vyhladov\u011bt lid, zlomit jeho mor\u00e1lku a pod\u0159\u00eddit jeho vl\u00e1du v\u016fli Washingtonu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pokud v\u00e1m to zn\u00ed pov\u011bdom\u011b, je to proto, \u017ee tato politika trv\u00e1 ji\u017e v\u00edce ne\u017e \u0161edes\u00e1t let, co\u017e z Kuby d\u011bl\u00e1 nejd\u00e9le sankcionovanou zemi v modern\u00ed historii. Navzdory t\u00e9to absurdn\u00ed situaci v\u0161ak kub\u00e1nsk\u00fd duch, jeho \u00fasp\u011bchy a mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed solidarita z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed nedot\u010den\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

Po cel\u00e9m ostrov\u011b za\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed oby\u010dejn\u00ed Kub\u00e1nci tuto realitu denn\u011b. Dovoz pohonn\u00fdch hmot byl pod tlakem Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f prakticky zastaven. V Havan\u011b stoj\u00ed popel\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 vozy, zat\u00edmco ulice se hromad\u00ed odpadk\u016f, co\u017e je symbolem hlubok\u00e9ho dopadu sankc\u00ed na ka\u017edodenn\u00ed \u017eivot.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kv\u016fli nedostatku paliva je v provozu pouze 44 ze 106 n\u00e1kladn\u00edch vozidel, co\u017e vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 rostouc\u00ed obavy o zdrav\u00ed v kdysi pulzuj\u00edc\u00edch a \u010dist\u00fdch \u010dtvrt\u00edch.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kub\u00e1nci se ale nevzd\u00e1vaj\u00ed. Kv\u016fli nedostatku pohonn\u00fdch hmot se cel\u00e9 komunity obr\u00e1tily na elektromobily a t\u0159\u00edkolky, aby si zajistily kontinuitu sv\u00fdch aktivit.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tam, kde se kdysi ulicemi nesla hukot americk\u00fdch historick\u00fdch aut, je dnes Havanou p\u0159i \u017eivot\u011b decentn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed hu\u010den\u00ed elektrick\u00e9 dopravy.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tato odolnost v ter\u00e9nu odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed hlub\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00ed pravdu: kub\u00e1nsk\u00e9 \u00fasp\u011bchy v oblasti zdrav\u00ed a lidsk\u00e9ho rozvoje jsou v ostr\u00e9m kontrastu s krutost\u00ed blok\u00e1dy.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vezm\u011bme si p\u0159\u00edklad kub\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu zdravotnictv\u00ed. Navzdory jednomu z nejp\u0159\u00edsn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch sank\u010dn\u00edch re\u017eim\u016f v historii Kuba vyr\u00e1b\u011bla n\u00e1rodn\u00ed vakc\u00edny, eliminovala p\u0159enos HIV a syfilisu z matky na d\u00edt\u011b dlouho p\u0159ed v\u011bt\u0161inou bohat\u00fdch zem\u00ed a poskytovala \u00fa\u010dinnou l\u00e9\u010dbu chronick\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, a to v\u0161e p\u0159i utr\u00e1cen\u00ed zlomku \u010d\u00e1stek na obyvatele, kter\u00e9 vynakl\u00e1daj\u00ed bohat\u00e9 zem\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kub\u00e1n\u0161t\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i a v\u011bdci jsou pr\u016fkopn\u00edky v l\u00e9\u010db\u011b diabetick\u00fdch ran a Alzheimerovy choroby a o\u010dkovali t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161echny d\u011bti na ostrov\u011b proti z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdm nemocem \u2013 co\u017e jsou v\u00fdsledky, kter\u00fdm se mnoho bohat\u00fdch zem\u00ed st\u00e1le sna\u017e\u00ed dos\u00e1hnout.<\/span><\/p>\n

I kdy\u017e sv\u011bt \u010delil nejhor\u0161\u00ed pandemii za posledn\u00ed generaci, Kuba reagovala vlastn\u00ed inovac\u00ed, vyvinula n\u011bkolik vakc\u00edn a udr\u017eela si vysokou m\u00edru proo\u010dkovanosti u d\u011bt\u00ed i dosp\u011bl\u00fdch \u2013 co\u017e byl triumf uprost\u0159ed nedostatku pohonn\u00fdch hmot a zdroj\u016f zp\u016fsoben\u00e9ho blok\u00e1dou.<\/span><\/p>\n

Velikost Kuby se v\u0161ak neomezuje jen na jej\u00ed zna\u010dn\u00fd pokrok v oblasti ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed. Dlouho p\u0159ed pandemi\u00ed COVID-19 pat\u0159il kub\u00e1nsk\u00fd internacionalismus k nejsiln\u011bj\u0161\u00edm projev\u016fm solidarity na sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

Brig\u00e1da Henryho Reevea, kub\u00e1nsk\u00fd zdravotnick\u00fd kontingent vytvo\u0159en\u00fd k reakci na glob\u00e1ln\u00ed katastrofy a epidemie, byla nasazena v des\u00edtk\u00e1ch zem\u00ed, kde bojuje proti ebole v z\u00e1padn\u00ed Africe, o\u0161et\u0159uje ob\u011bti zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed a poskytuje pomoc komunit\u00e1m v krizi.<\/span><\/p>\n

V r\u00e1mci iniciativ, jako je Operace Miracle nebo Misi\u00f3n Milagro, provedli kub\u00e1n\u0161t\u00ed zdravotn\u00edci miliony o\u010dn\u00edch operac\u00ed, kter\u00e9 obnovily zrak chud\u00fdm lidem v cel\u00e9 Latinsk\u00e9 Americe, a prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm Latinskoamerick\u00e9 l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 fakulty (ELAM) vy\u0161kolili des\u00edtky tis\u00edc l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f z n\u00edzkop\u0159\u00edjmov\u00fdch rodin po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

Toto nen\u00ed \u010din n\u00e1roda, kter\u00fd \u201eohro\u017euje\u201c n\u011b\u010d\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost. Toto je \u010din lidu oddan\u00e9ho lidsk\u00e9 d\u016fstojnosti a mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed solidarit\u011b, kter\u00fd se ost\u0159e stav\u00ed proti blok\u00e1d\u011b, je\u017e se rovn\u00e1 ekonomick\u00e9 v\u00e1lce.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tento dlouhodob\u00fd trest m\u00e1 svou cenu, kterou ji\u017e poci\u0165uje cel\u00e1 kub\u00e1nsk\u00e1 spole\u010dnost. Expert OSN na lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va ned\u00e1vno varoval, \u017ee sankce p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed Kubu o z\u00e1kladn\u00ed l\u00e9ky, paralyzuj\u00ed nutri\u010dn\u00ed programy pro d\u011bti a oslabuj\u00ed jej\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed syst\u00e9m, co\u017e obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b tvrd\u011b zasahuje nejzraniteln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed komunity.<\/span><\/p>\n

A p\u0159esto se Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty sna\u017e\u00ed tento vzorec tlaku zes\u00edlit kriminalizac\u00ed v\u0161ech forem pomoci. V tom spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 absurdita a nemor\u00e1lnost sou\u010dasn\u00e9 americk\u00e9 politiky: Washington si p\u0159ivlast\u0148uje pr\u00e1vo veta proti suver\u00e9nn\u00edm rozhodnut\u00edm jin\u00fdch n\u00e1rod\u016f t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edm se jejich zdroj\u016f a obchodn\u00edch vztah\u016f. To nen\u00ed pouh\u00e9 vm\u011b\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed, ale agrese.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kdo ovl\u00e1d\u00e1 \u00fa\u0159ady? Kdo chr\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1va nejslab\u0161\u00edch, nejzraniteln\u011bj\u0161\u00edch, utla\u010dovan\u00fdch? Pokud Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty sm\u011bj\u00ed zak\u00e1zat Mexiku v\u00fdvoz paliva na Kubu, co zabr\u00e1n\u00ed tomu, aby se stejn\u00e1 logika uplatnila na brazilsk\u00fd export, indick\u00e9 obil\u00ed nebo \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00e9 technologie? Nejde o uplat\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti, ale o uplat\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed imperi\u00e1ln\u00ed moci.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kub\u00e1nsk\u00fd lid vydr\u017eel v\u00edce ne\u017e p\u016fl stolet\u00ed embarga, izolace a ekonomick\u00e9ho \u0161krcen\u00ed. Utrp\u011bl mnoho \u00fatrap, ale tak\u00e9 vybudoval spole\u010dnost, kter\u00e1 up\u0159ednost\u0148uje kolektivn\u00ed blahobyt, vz\u00e1jemnou pomoc a mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed solidaritu. U\u017e jen tato skute\u010dnost by m\u011bla p\u0159im\u011bt ka\u017ed\u00e9ho pozorovatele, kter\u00fd se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 mor\u00e1lkou, k zamy\u0161len\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Je na\u010dase, aby sv\u011bt jasn\u011b prohl\u00e1sil: embargo, kter\u00e9 lidi vyhladov\u00ed, je neospravedlniteln\u00e9; blok\u00e1da, kter\u00e1 kriminalizuje humanit\u00e1rn\u00ed pomoc, mus\u00ed b\u00fdt odsouzena. Kuba nepot\u0159ebuje charitu, ale spravedlnost. Svoboda pro Kubu znamen\u00e1 osvobozen\u00ed od sankc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed utrpen\u00ed a poru\u0161uj\u00ed lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nech\u0165 si n\u00e1rody sv\u011bta samy rozhoduj\u00ed, s k\u00fdm budou obchodovat a jak budou pom\u00e1hat sv\u00fdm soused\u016fm. Nech\u0165 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e nerozhoduje, kdo m\u016f\u017ee pomoci nemocn\u00fdm, hladov\u00fdm, zraniteln\u00fdm nebo utla\u010dovan\u00fdm. A\u0165 historie nesoud\u00ed podle s\u00edly \u0159\u00ed\u0161\u00ed, ale podle solidarity n\u00e1rod\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

od\u00a0<\/span>Mafy Kwanisai Mafy<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Zdroj: <\/span>Le Panafricain<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

29. ledna americk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da zp\u0159\u00edsnila svou ekonomickou blok\u00e1du Kuby hrozbou uvalen\u00ed sank\u010dn\u00edch cel na jakoukoli…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":100220,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[1503,135,125,37],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/100219"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=100219"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/100219\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/100220"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=100219"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=100219"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=100219"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}