{"id":100136,"date":"2026-02-22T00:24:01","date_gmt":"2026-02-21T23:24:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/?p=100136"},"modified":"2026-02-21T09:13:51","modified_gmt":"2026-02-21T08:13:51","slug":"kdo-se-opovazuje-kritizovat-system-merz-chce-povinna-skutecna-jmena-na-socialnich-sitich","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/2026\/02\/22\/kdo-se-opovazuje-kritizovat-system-merz-chce-povinna-skutecna-jmena-na-socialnich-sitich\/","title":{"rendered":"Kdo se opova\u017euje kritizovat syst\u00e9m? Merz chce povinn\u00e1 skute\u010dn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na na soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fb-root\"><\/div>\n<p><strong><span dir=\"auto\">Pry\u010d s anonymitou na internetu: Friedrich Merz chce vid\u011bt, kdo se odv\u00e1\u017e\u00ed online promluvit. Ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo vyjad\u0159uje kritiku, by si ji m\u011bl podat sv\u00fdm skute\u010dn\u00fdm jm\u00e9nem. Dalo by se dodat, \u017ee tak m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt mnohem snadn\u011bji politicky pron\u00e1sledov\u00e1n. Merz pohodln\u011b ignoruje fakt, \u017ee politici se t\u011b\u0161\u00ed zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed ochran\u011b a \u017ee ob\u010dan\u00e9 jsou i za ty nejmen\u0161\u00ed mali\u010dkosti vystaveni tvrd\u00fdm disciplin\u00e1rn\u00edm opat\u0159en\u00edm ze strany st\u00e1tu (\u201eidiot\u201c).<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Na politick\u00e9 akci CDU na Popele\u010dn\u00ed st\u0159edu v Trev\u00edru vznesl kancl\u00e9\u0159 Friedrich Merz odv\u00e1\u017en\u00fd po\u017eadavek: osvobodit internet od anonymity. Ne\u010din\u00ed tak s tichou skeps\u00ed, ale s demonstrativn\u00edm odhodl\u00e1n\u00edm. Merz ned\u00e1vno p\u0159edlo\u017eil \u0159adu po\u017eadavk\u016f, jejich\u017e c\u00edlem je z\u00e1sadn\u011b zm\u011bnit zp\u016fsob, jak\u00fdm internet pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me. Jeho prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed, pronesen\u00e1 v r\u016fzn\u00fdch kontextech, sice maj\u00ed pos\u00edlit demokracii, ale odhaluj\u00ed hlubok\u00e9 nedostatky v jeho ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed svobody. Merz, kter\u00fd se prezentuje jako obh\u00e1jce liber\u00e1ln\u00edch hodnot, po\u017eaduje pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed skute\u010dn\u00fdch jmen online a z\u00e1kaz pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed platforem soci\u00e1ln\u00edch m\u00e9di\u00ed pro nezletil\u00e9. Tyto iniciativy, kter\u00e9 zd\u016fvod\u0148uje varov\u00e1n\u00edm p\u0159ed eroz\u00ed spole\u010dnosti, ignoruj\u00ed asymetrickou mocenskou dynamiku a dl\u00e1\u017ed\u00ed cestu k pos\u00edlen\u00e9mu dohledu.<\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Zat\u00edmco Merz hovo\u0159\u00ed o \u00fadajn\u00fdch nep\u0159\u00e1tel\u00edch demokracie, kte\u0159\u00ed \u00fadajn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed algoritmy a um\u011blou inteligenci k podkop\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed spole\u010dnosti, ukazuje se, \u017ee skute\u010dn\u00e9 nebezpe\u010d\u00ed p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed politici jako on s\u00e1m. Nyn\u00ed doslovn\u011b prohl\u00e1sil:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><span dir=\"auto\">\u201eChci vid\u011bt skute\u010dn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na na internetu. Chci v\u011bd\u011bt, kdo se oz\u00fdvaj\u00ed.\u201c<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Merz se t\u00edm nezastavil. Sv\u016fj po\u017eadavek zasadil do mor\u00e1ln\u00edho r\u00e1mce, kter\u00fd se z jeho pohledu zd\u00e1l b\u00fdt samoz\u0159ejm\u00fd. Ti, kdo kritizuj\u00ed, by se m\u011bli identifikovat. Ti, kdo po\u017eaduj\u00ed transparentnost, by m\u011bli b\u00fdt sami transparentn\u00ed. A ti, kdo vyjad\u0159uj\u00ed politick\u00e9 n\u00e1zory, by tak m\u011bli \u010dinit otev\u0159en\u011b a \u010destn\u011b. D\u00e1le rozvedl:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><span dir=\"auto\">\u201eJsou to \u010dasto lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed se schov\u00e1vaj\u00ed za anonymitu a po\u017eaduj\u00ed od ostatn\u00edch co nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed transparentnost. Chci, abychom to d\u011blali na rovn\u00e9m z\u00e1klad\u011b.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><span dir=\"auto\">V politice se v na\u0161\u00ed spole\u010dnosti \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edme debat pod sv\u00fdmi skute\u010dn\u00fdmi jm\u00e9ny a bez zast\u0159en\u00ed, tak\u017ee tot\u00e9\u017e o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1m od v\u0161ech ostatn\u00edch, kte\u0159\u00ed kriticky zkoumaj\u00ed na\u0161i zemi a na\u0161i spole\u010dnost.\u201c<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">T\u00edm je polo\u017eena hranice. Podle v\u00fdkladu ministra financ\u00ed by se vl\u00e1da a ob\u010dan\u00e9 m\u011bli setk\u00e1vat jako rovnocenn\u00ed. Oba maj\u00ed jm\u00e9na, oba nesou odpov\u011bdnost a oba by m\u011bli b\u00fdt viditeln\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"h-die-illusion-der-gleichen-augenhohe\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span dir=\"auto\">Iluze rovnopr\u00e1vnosti<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Form\u00e1ln\u011b to zn\u00ed jako spravedlnost. Ve skute\u010dnosti jde o struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed deformaci. Kancl\u00e9\u0159 m\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edstup ke st\u00e1tn\u00edm zdroj\u016fm, bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edm apar\u00e1t\u016fm, profesion\u00e1ln\u00edm vztah\u016fm s ve\u0159ejnost\u00ed a neust\u00e1l\u00e9 medi\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edtomnosti. Je chr\u00e1n\u011bn a privilegov\u00e1n svou funkc\u00ed. Pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fd ob\u010dan nic z toho nem\u00e1. S\u00e1m nesou pln\u00e9 riziko sv\u00fdch ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed. Profesn\u00ed znev\u00fdhodn\u011bn\u00ed, soci\u00e1ln\u00ed ostrakismus, digit\u00e1ln\u00ed zostuzen\u00ed, syst\u00e9my hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed, kter\u00e9 vedou k pozastaven\u00ed \u00fa\u010dt\u016f \u2013 to v\u0161e se nedot\u00fdk\u00e1 hlavy vl\u00e1dy, ale zam\u011bstnance, osoby samostatn\u011b v\u00fdd\u011ble\u010dn\u011b \u010dinn\u00e9, studenta. Demokracie znamen\u00e1 kontrolu a vyv\u00e1\u017eenost ze strany ob\u010dan\u016f. Neznamen\u00e1 to rovnost zranitelnosti. Ti, kdo vykon\u00e1vaj\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed moc, mus\u00ed akceptovat v\u00edce ne\u017e ti, kdo ji ovl\u00e1daj\u00ed. Pr\u00e1vn\u00edk Markus Haintz tuto asymetrii dokonale shrnuje:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><span dir=\"auto\">\u201eKa\u017ed\u00fd, kdo skute\u010dn\u011b vykon\u00e1v\u00e1 st\u00e1tn\u00ed moc v \u00fa\u0159adu, mus\u00ed akceptovat v\u00edce kritiky, pane @bundeskanzler. Vyvodit z toho po\u017eadavek na skute\u010dn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no pro v\u0161echny nen\u00ed jen pr\u00e1vn\u00ed nesmysl. Chcete jen, aby se o va\u0161em \u00famysln\u00e9m politick\u00e9m selh\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b mluvilo.\u201c<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><a href=\"https:\/\/x.com\/Haintz_MediaLaw\/status\/2024226880900276716?s=20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span dir=\"auto\">Markus Haintz | \ud835\udd4f<\/span><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-twitter wp-block-embed-twitter\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<div class=\"twitter-tweet twitter-tweet-rendered\"><iframe id=\"twitter-widget-0\" class=\"\" title=\"X P\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek\" src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/embed\/Tweet.html?dnt=true&amp;embedId=twitter-widget-0&amp;features=eyJ0ZndfdGltZWxpbmVfbGlzdCI6eyJidWNrZXQiOltdLCJ2ZXJzaW9uIjpudWxsfSwidGZ3X2ZvbGxvd2VyX2NvdW50X3N1bnNldCI6eyJidWNrZXQiOnRydWUsInZlcnNpb24iOm51bGx9LCJ0ZndfdHdlZXRfZWRpdF9iYWNrZW5kIjp7ImJ1Y2tldCI6Im9uIiwidmVyc2lvbiI6bnVsbH0sInRmd19yZWZzcmNfc2Vzc2lvbiI6eyJidWNrZXQiOiJvbiIsInZlcnNpb24iOm51bGx9LCJ0ZndfZm9zbnJfc29mdF9pbnRlcnZlbnRpb25zX2VuYWJsZWQiOnsiYnVja2V0Ijoib24iLCJ2ZXJzaW9uIjpudWxsfSwidGZ3X21peGVkX21lZGlhXzE1ODk3Ijp7ImJ1Y2tldCI6InRyZWF0bWVudCIsInZlcnNpb24iOm51bGx9LCJ0ZndfZXhwZXJpbWVudHNfY29va2llX2V4cGlyYXRpb24iOnsiYnVja2V0IjoxMjA5NjAwLCJ2ZXJzaW9uIjpudWxsfSwidGZ3X3Nob3dfYmlyZHdhdGNoX3Bpdm90c19lbmFibGVkIjp7ImJ1Y2tldCI6Im9uIiwidmVyc2lvbiI6bnVsbH0sInRmd19kdXBsaWNhdGVfc2NyaWJlc190b19zZXR0aW5ncyI6eyJidWNrZXQiOiJvbiIsInZlcnNpb24iOm51bGx9LCJ0ZndfdXNlX3Byb2ZpbGVfaW1hZ2Vfc2hhcGVfZW5hYmxlZCI6eyJidWNrZXQiOiJvbiIsInZlcnNpb24iOm51bGx9LCJ0ZndfdmlkZW9faGxzX2R5bmFtaWNfbWFuaWZlc3RzXzE1MDgyIjp7ImJ1Y2tldCI6InRydWVfYml0cmF0ZSIsInZlcnNpb24iOm51bGx9LCJ0ZndfbGVnYWN5X3RpbWVsaW5lX3N1bnNldCI6eyJidWNrZXQiOnRydWUsInZlcnNpb24iOm51bGx9LCJ0ZndfdHdlZXRfZWRpdF9mcm9udGVuZCI6eyJidWNrZXQiOiJvbiIsInZlcnNpb24iOm51bGx9fQ%3D%3D&amp;frame=false&amp;hideCard=false&amp;hideThread=false&amp;id=2024226880900276716&amp;lang=cs&amp;origin=https%3A%2F%2Freport24.news%2Fwer-wagt-es-die-politik-zu-kritisieren-merz-will-klarnamenpflicht-in-sozialen-netzen%2F&amp;sessionId=49085de3f63f933530e79e6eebe4d3f6bb1eb8ae&amp;theme=light&amp;widgetsVersion=2615f7e52b7e0%3A1702314776716&amp;width=550px\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-tweet-id=\"2024226880900276716\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">To nen\u00ed bezv\u00fdznamn\u00fd bod. Je to j\u00e1dro debaty.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"h-anonymitat-ist-schutz-und-kein-makel\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span dir=\"auto\">Anonymita je ochrana, ne stigma.<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Anonymn\u00ed politick\u00fd projev nen\u00ed mor\u00e1ln\u00edm selh\u00e1n\u00edm. Historicky je to ochrann\u00fd n\u00e1stroj. Inform\u00e1to\u0159i, \u010dlenov\u00e9 opozice, men\u0161iny \u2013 ti v\u0161ichni se spol\u00e9hali na anonymitu, aby se vyhnuli repres\u00edm. Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed z\u00e1kon chr\u00e1n\u00ed svobodu projevu. \u010cl\u00e1nek 5 odstavec 1 Z\u00e1kladn\u00edho z\u00e1kona zaru\u010duje:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><span dir=\"auto\">\u201eKa\u017ed\u00fd m\u00e1 pr\u00e1vo svobodn\u011b vyjad\u0159ovat a \u0161\u00ed\u0159it sv\u016fj n\u00e1zor slovy, p\u00edsmem a obrazem a informovat se bez p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eek z obecn\u011b dostupn\u00fdch zdroj\u016f. [\u2026] Neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 cenzura.\u201c<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Tato ochrana je \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1 pouze tehdy, pokud mohou lid\u00e9 vyjad\u0159ovat sv\u00e9 n\u00e1zory bez obav ze soci\u00e1ln\u00edch nebo profesn\u00edch n\u00e1sledk\u016f. Pr\u00e1v\u011b proto demokracie zast\u00e1v\u00e1 princip svobodn\u00fdch a tajn\u00fdch voleb. Nikdo by nem\u011bl b\u00fdt znev\u00fdhodn\u011bn kv\u016fli tomu, \u017ee zast\u00e1v\u00e1 odli\u0161n\u00e9 a ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed politick\u00e9 n\u00e1zory. Politika pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed skute\u010dn\u00fdch jmen by tuto ochranu fakticky podkopala. Hlasy kritick\u00e9 v\u016f\u010di vl\u00e1d\u011b a ty, kter\u00e9 jsou pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed, by se n\u00e1hle staly identifikovateln\u00fdmi, a proto by byly sn\u00e1ze napadeny. I dnes se lid\u00e9 setk\u00e1vaj\u00ed s t\u00edm, \u017ee odli\u0161n\u00e9 n\u00e1zory jsou hl\u00e1\u0161eny, sankcionov\u00e1ny nebo soci\u00e1ln\u011b izolov\u00e1ny.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">To je obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b patrn\u00e9 u p\u011btiny voli\u010d\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed podporuj\u00ed politicky neobl\u00edbenou stranu: politici a jejich p\u0159\u00edznivci \u010del\u00ed obrovsk\u00e9mu spole\u010densk\u00e9mu tlaku, jsou ve\u0159ejn\u011b hanobeni, vyhro\u017eov\u00e1ni, p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed o pr\u00e1ci, jsou vystaveni soudn\u00edm spor\u016fm a za\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed vylou\u010den\u00ed a soci\u00e1ln\u00ed ostrakizaci. Tato nerovnov\u00e1ha odhaluje, jak selektivn\u00ed a k\u0159ehkou se ochrana politick\u00fdch pozic v na\u0161\u00ed spole\u010dnosti stala ji\u017e d\u00e1vno. Povinn\u00e1 identifikace by tento tlak masivn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161ila. Lid\u00e9 by ml\u010deli, ne z p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed, ale ze strachu. To oslabuje skute\u010dnou demokracii, kter\u00e1 vzkv\u00e9t\u00e1 na otev\u0159en\u00e9m konfliktu, debat\u011b a rozd\u00edln\u00fdch n\u00e1zorech, nikoli na konformn\u00edm konsensu. Zru\u0161en\u00ed anonymity nebojuje proti extremismu; podkop\u00e1v\u00e1 samotn\u00fd z\u00e1klad svobodn\u00e9 politick\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dasti.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"h-die-rhetorik-der-bedrohung\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span dir=\"auto\">R\u00e9torika v\u00fdhr\u016f\u017eek<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Merz svou iniciativu zd\u016fvod\u0148uje dramatickou diagn\u00f3zou. Mluv\u00ed o svobodn\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti v ohro\u017een\u00ed. P\u0159izn\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee podcenil vliv algoritm\u016f a um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/nius.de\/live-tickers\/merz-zu-social-media-verbot-ich-moechte-klarnamen-im-internet-sehen-und-wissen-wer-sich-zu-wort-meldet\/f98c3973-1ebc-4180-adb6-6f6b8a43ef31\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span dir=\"auto\">\u201eJak dokumentuje NIUS,\u201c<\/span><\/a><span dir=\"auto\">\u00a0\u00a0formuloval sv\u00e9 prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed takto:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><span dir=\"auto\">\u201eChceme dovolit \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed fale\u0161n\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm soci\u00e1ln\u00edch m\u00e9di\u00ed? Chceme dovolit, aby na\u0161e spole\u010dnost byla t\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem nahlod\u00e1v\u00e1na a ni\u010dena zevnit\u0159? [\u2026] Mus\u00edme se proti tomu br\u00e1nit.\u201c<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Mluv\u00ed o nep\u0159\u00e1tel\u00edch \u201ena\u0161\u00ed svobody a na\u0161\u00ed demokracie\u201c, o sil\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 \u00famysln\u011b podkop\u00e1vaj\u00ed z\u00e1klady otev\u0159en\u00e9, liber\u00e1ln\u00ed spole\u010dnosti a ohro\u017euj\u00ed jej\u00ed pluralismus. Podle n\u011bj jsou to akt\u00e9\u0159i, kte\u0159\u00ed se v\u0161emi prost\u0159edky sna\u017e\u00ed omezit rozmanitost n\u00e1zor\u016f, destabilizovat demokratick\u00e9 struktury a br\u00e1nit svobodn\u00e9mu rozvoji jednotlivce. Nep\u0159\u00e1tel\u00e9 tedy, kte\u0159\u00ed podle n\u011bj zpochyb\u0148uj\u00ed samotn\u00e9 z\u00e1klady na\u0161eho svobodn\u00e9ho \u0159\u00e1du. Vzhledem k jejich aktivit\u00e1m si\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.br.de\/nachrichten\/deutschland-welt\/wissen-wer-sich-zu-wort-meldet-merz-will-klarnamen-im-netz,VBeBGCB\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span dir=\"auto\">\u201eje proto t\u0159eba polo\u017eit ot\u00e1zku\u201c<\/span><\/a><span dir=\"auto\"> :<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><span dir=\"auto\">\u201eChceme snad dopustit, aby na\u0161e spole\u010dnost byla t\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem rozkl\u00e1dan\u00e1 zevnit\u0159 a aby na\u0161e ml\u00e1de\u017e a d\u011bti byly t\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem ohro\u017eeny?\u201c<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Tato volba slov nen\u00ed n\u00e1hodn\u00e1. Vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159 hrozby, v n\u011bm\u017e se regulace jev\u00ed jako sebeobrana. P\u0159esouv\u00e1 v\u0161ak pozornost z obsahu na identitu. Ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo kritizuje, nen\u00ed ozna\u010den pouze za odp\u016frce n\u00e1zoru, ale tak\u00e9 za potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st procesu dezintegrace. To otev\u00edr\u00e1 stavidla logice, v n\u00ed\u017e se tot\u00e1ln\u00ed kontrola prod\u00e1v\u00e1 jako ochrana.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"h-vom-jugendschutz-zur-identitatspflicht\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span dir=\"auto\">Od ochrany ml\u00e1de\u017ee k ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed toto\u017enosti<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Krom\u011b po\u017eadavku na skute\u010dn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na Merz vyj\u00e1d\u0159il otev\u0159enost z\u00e1kazu soci\u00e1ln\u00edch m\u00e9di\u00ed pro nezletil\u00e9. V\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/podcasts.apple.com\/at\/podcast\/der-kanzler-im-interview\/id1568123217?i=1000750260930\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span dir=\"auto\">podcastu \u201ePower Shift\u201c<\/span><\/a><span dir=\"auto\">\u00a0\u00a0vysv\u011btlil, \u017ee a\u010dkoli je \u201evelmi, velmi, velmi v\u00e1hav\u00fd\u201c ohledn\u011b pr\u00e1vn\u00edch z\u00e1kaz\u016f, vid\u00ed zna\u010dnou pot\u0159ebu jednat s ohledem na \u201efale\u0161n\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy, fale\u0161n\u00e9 obr\u00e1zky a zpr\u00e1vy generovan\u00e9 um\u011blou inteligenc\u00ed a TikTok\u201c. Na stranick\u00e9 konferenci CDU vyj\u00e1d\u0159il silnou podporu odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edm n\u00e1vrh\u016fm. Merz odm\u00edt\u00e1 my\u0161lenku, \u017ee by se d\u011bti m\u011bly u\u010dit pou\u017e\u00edvat soci\u00e1ln\u00ed m\u00e9dia od \u00fatl\u00e9ho v\u011bku, a p\u0159irovn\u00e1v\u00e1 to k alkoholu na z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161kole.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><span dir=\"auto\">\u201eAle argument, \u017ee d\u011bti je t\u0159eba s t\u00edm sezn\u00e1mit, aby to mohly d\u011blat, up\u0159\u00edmn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno neobstoj\u00ed. [\u2026] Pak by museli pod\u00e1vat alkohol i na z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161kole, aby si na to zvykly.\u201c \u2028<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Vyj\u00e1d\u0159il tak\u00e9 otev\u0159enost n\u00e1vrhu SPD na \u00fapln\u00fd z\u00e1kaz p\u0159\u00edstupu osob\u00e1m mlad\u0161\u00edm 14 let. \u0158ekl, \u017ee se touto ot\u00e1zkou zab\u00fdvaj\u00ed. Navazuje tak na linii Daniela G\u00fcnthera a Hendrika W\u00fcsta, kte\u0159\u00ed volaj\u00ed po z\u00e1kazu pro osoby mlad\u0161\u00ed 16 let. Zm\u00ednil tak\u00e9 technick\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, jako je ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed v\u011bku prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm aplikace nebo souhlasu rodi\u010d\u016f. Podobn\u00e9 modely se diskutuj\u00ed ve Francii a Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nii. V N\u011bmecku v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b komise v r\u00e1mci Feder\u00e1ln\u00edho ministerstva pro rodinn\u00e9 z\u00e1le\u017eitosti vypracov\u00e1v\u00e1 konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed n\u00e1vrhy, zat\u00edmco z\u00e1stupci spolkov\u00fdch zem\u00ed sou\u010dasn\u011b prosazuj\u00ed ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed v\u011bku chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 proti neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 manipulaci pomoc\u00ed aplikace pro identifikaci EU.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/digital-building-blocks\/sites\/spaces\/EUDIGITALIDENTITYWALLET\/pages\/694487738\/EU+Digital+Identity+Wallet+Home\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span dir=\"auto\">Takzvan\u00e1 pen\u011b\u017eenka EUDI<\/span><\/a><span dir=\"auto\">\u00a0, pl\u00e1novan\u00e1 na rok 2027, m\u00e1 digit\u00e1ln\u011b ukl\u00e1dat ob\u010dansk\u00e9 pr\u016fkazy i \u0159idi\u010dsk\u00e9 pr\u016fkazy a v budoucnu slou\u017eit jako doklad o schv\u00e1len\u00ed v\u011bku.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Z\u00e1kaz je technicky provediteln\u00fd pouze s povinn\u00fdm ov\u011b\u0159en\u00edm v\u011bku. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 registrace, ka\u017ed\u00e1 interakce by musela b\u00fdt p\u0159i\u0159azena ov\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e9 osob\u011b. To, co za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 jako ochrana nezletil\u00fdch, vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed infrastrukturu pro s\u00ed\u0165 s povinnou identifikac\u00ed. Dnes je to mlad\u0161\u00ed 16 let. Z\u00edtra mlad\u0161\u00ed 18 let. Poz\u00edt\u0159\u00ed pouze s prok\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00edm toto\u017enosti pro citliv\u00fd obsah. Je ironi\u00ed, \u017ee st\u00e1tn\u00ed ministr kultury\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.br.de\/nachrichten\/deutschland-welt\/wissen-wer-sich-zu-wort-meldet-merz-will-klarnamen-im-netz,VBeBGCB\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span dir=\"auto\">Wolfram Weimer prosazoval<\/span><\/a><span dir=\"auto\">\u00a0nezakazov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu d\u011btem, ale sp\u00ed\u0161e \u201ez\u00e1kaz p\u0159\u00edstupu soci\u00e1ln\u00edch m\u00e9di\u00ed na\u0161im d\u011btem\u201c. Platformy by m\u011bly ov\u011b\u0159ovat v\u011bk a feder\u00e1ln\u00ed vl\u00e1da, spolkov\u00e9 zem\u011b a EU nesou stejnou odpov\u011bdnost. SPD po\u017eaduje jasn\u00e1 pravidla. AfD reaguje ost\u0159e.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/afdbundestag.de\/social-media-verbot-fuer-unter-14-jaehrige-geht-in-voellig-falsche-richtung\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span dir=\"auto\">Ruben Rupp<\/span><\/a><span dir=\"auto\">\u00a0, mluv\u010d\u00ed AfD pro digit\u00e1ln\u00ed politiku v Bundestagu, ozna\u010duje n\u00e1vrhy za byrokratickou no\u010dn\u00ed m\u016fru a varuje:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><span dir=\"auto\">\u201eSp\u00ed\u0161e jsou d\u011bti a mlad\u00ed lid\u00e9 zbavov\u00e1ni mo\u017enosti samostatn\u011b si osvojit zdrav\u00fd a rozumn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup k soci\u00e1ln\u00edm s\u00edt\u00edm, jejich mo\u017enostem a slib\u016fm. Nepom\u00e1h\u00e1 balit d\u011bti a mlad\u00e9 lidi do vaty; sp\u00ed\u0161e je t\u0159eba je, zp\u016fsobem odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edm jejich v\u011bku, povzbuzovat k tomu, aby si sami stanovili hranice v oblasti m\u00e9di\u00ed a komunikace. [&#8230;] Z\u00e1kaz soci\u00e1ln\u00edch m\u00e9di\u00ed pro osoby mlad\u0161\u00ed 14 let by nem\u011bl \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinek: d\u011bti a mlad\u00ed lid\u00e9 by ji\u017e nebyli schopni rozli\u0161ovat mezi dobrem a zlem, spr\u00e1vn\u00fdm a \u0161patn\u00fdm, p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitostmi a nebezpe\u010d\u00edmi v online sv\u011bt\u011b.\u201c<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Z\u00e1rove\u0148 EU zvy\u0161uje tlak na platformy prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm z\u00e1kona o digit\u00e1ln\u00edch slu\u017eb\u00e1ch. Vysok\u00e9 pokuty znamenaj\u00ed, \u017ee v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pochybnost\u00ed bude obsah smaz\u00e1n nebo omezen.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"h-moralischer-anspruch-und-gebrochene-versprechen\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span dir=\"auto\">Mor\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1roky a poru\u0161en\u00e9 sliby<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Merz tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee ob\u010dan\u00e9 by m\u011bli m\u00edt mo\u017enost se transparentn\u011b vyjad\u0159ovat, ale s\u00e1m tuto transparentnost projevuje pouze selektivn\u011b. B\u011bhem volebn\u00ed kampan\u011b d\u00e1val sliby, kter\u00e9 po volb\u00e1ch poru\u0161il. M\u00edsto aby p\u0159evzal odpov\u011bdnost za sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed politick\u00e9 \u010diny, kancl\u00e9\u0159 obrac\u00ed pozornost na ty, kte\u0159\u00ed ho kriticky zpochyb\u0148uj\u00ed. Debatu o politice tak nahrazuje mor\u00e1ln\u00ed apel na ob\u010dany, zat\u00edmco jeho vlastn\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bryhodnost z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 v ohro\u017een\u00ed. Tento pokus o uplatn\u011bn\u00ed moci nad zklaman\u00fdmi voli\u010di a kritick\u00fdmi hlasy odhaluje hierarchick\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup, kter\u00fd by ve funguj\u00edc\u00ed demokracii nem\u011bl existovat.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Politick\u00e1 debata je ned\u00edlnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed demokracie. Pokud je v\u0161ak propojena s infrastrukturou odpov\u011bdnosti, rovnov\u00e1ha moc\u00ed se m\u011bn\u00ed. Prav\u00e1 demokracie vzkv\u00e9t\u00e1 d\u00edky schopnosti i disidentn\u00edch men\u0161in vyj\u00e1d\u0159it se. P\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm vzkv\u00e9t\u00e1 d\u00edky svobod\u011b kritizovat moc, ani\u017e by se kritik musel osobn\u011b odhalovat. Ministr financ\u00ed po\u017eaduje rovnost. Ve skute\u010dnosti stoj\u00ed na stran\u011b st\u00e1tn\u00ed moci. Ob\u010dan\u00e9 stoj\u00ed na stran\u011b dohledu nad touto moc\u00ed. Tyto role nejsou symetrick\u00e9 a ani by nem\u011bly b\u00fdt.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"auto\">Svobodn\u00e1 spole\u010dnost pot\u0159ebuje transparentnost vl\u00e1dy, nikoli tot\u00e1ln\u00ed dohled nad sv\u00fdmi ob\u010dany. Ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo si tyto dv\u011b v\u011bci plete, neposiluje demokracii, ale sp\u00ed\u0161e podkop\u00e1v\u00e1 jej\u00ed z\u00e1klady.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><span dir=\"auto\">\u010cl\u00e1nek Janine Beichtov\u00e9 se poprv\u00e9 objevil na <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/haintz.media\/artikel\/deutschland\/klarnamen-fuer-alle-merz-angriff-auf-die-anonymitaet\/\"><span dir=\"auto\">Haintz.Media<\/span><\/a><span dir=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pry\u010d s anonymitou na internetu: Friedrich Merz chce vid\u011bt, kdo se odv\u00e1\u017e\u00ed online promluvit. Ka\u017ed\u00fd,&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":100137,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[9959,63,647,1503,84],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/100136"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=100136"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/100136\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/100137"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=100136"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=100136"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.infokuryr.cz\/n\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=100136"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}